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Social
Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aggression | any behavior intended to harm |
| Altruism | refers to helping another person without expecting anything in return |
| Attitude | a tendency to respond in a certain way to a class of people, objects, or an idea |
| Authoritarian | characterized by high demands and low responsiveness |
| Brainwashing | an extreme form of persuasion usually focused on stripping one of their individual identity |
| Cognitive Dissonance | anxiety that occurs when our attitudes contradict our behavior |
| Complementary needs theory | While many think that “opposites attract”, this is usually the exception instead of the rule |
| Compliance | is the lowest level of conformity. Here a person changes their public behaviour, the way they act, but not their private beliefs |
| Conformity | occurs when we perform an action because of group pressure |
| Consummate love | if all three components, intimacy, passion, and commitment, are present |
| Deindividuation | People in a group often feel they are anonymous and are more likely to engage in antisocial behaviors |
| Democratic | also known as participative leadership or shared leadership, is a type of leadership style in which members of the group take a more participative role in the decision-making process |
| Diffusion of responsibility | people feel less responsibility in the presence of others |
| Discrimination | a behavior caused by stereotypes |
| Door-in-the-face | a ridiculously large request is used to set up a smaller request |
| Ego support value | our friends make us feel good about ourselves |
| Endogamy | also called in-marriage and is the custom of marrying within one's cultural group or clan |
| Ethnocentrism | tendency to use your own culture as the standard by which to judge and evaluate other cultures |
| Foot-in-the-door | a small request is used to set up a larger request |
| Frustration-aggression hypothesis | states that frustration often leads to aggressive behavior |
| Fundamental attribution error | When we look at the behavior of others, we usually overestimate internal factors and underestimate external factors |
| Group norms | Unspoken and often unwritten set of informal rules that govern individual behaviors in a group |
| Group polarization | the tendency of group discussion to push members to a more extreme position |
| Groupthink | valuing group harmony between members over making the correct decision |
| Halo effect | one noticeable positive trait makes us believe that all traits are equally positive |
| Hawthorne effect | a term referring to the tendency of some people to work harder and perform better when they are participants in an experiment |
| Homogamy | in psychology is the tendency to marry people who are psychologically or physically similar to ourselves |
| Ideology | idk |
| Inoculation | a technique used to make people immune to attempts to change their attitude by first exposing them to small arguments against their position |
| Laissez-faire | is a type of leadership style in which leaders are hands-off and allow group members to make the decisions |
| Obediance | is when you comply with the request of an authority |
| Persuasion | attempt to change another person’s attitude |
| Philip Zimbardo | made stanford prison experiment |
| Physical proximity | most likely to become involved with people who live near us |
| Prejudice | an attitude caused by stereotypes |
| Primacy effect | increased ability to recall items at the beginning of a list |
| Reciprocity | people are more likely to return a favor when one is granted to them |
| Schema | what we base are stereotypes on |
| Self handicapping | set up a nearly impossible task or provide excuses for failure before the task even begins, used to maintain self-esteem |
| Self-fulfilling prophecy | when a person unknowingly causes a prediction to come true, due to the simple fact that he or she expects it to come true |
| Self-serving bias | When we are successful, we blame ourselves (internal factors). When we fail, we blame external factors |
| Social facilitation | occurs when people perform better in front of a group than they do alone |
| Social inhibition | performing a task worse in the presence of others |
| Social loafing | our tendency to be lazy in a group, is another |
| Solomon Asch | wanted to test the effect that peer pressure holds on conformity |
| Stanley milgram | conducted the most famous experiment on obedience |
| Stereotype | a characteristic applied to an entire group of people |
| Stimulation value | our friends expose us to new ideas and situations |
| Triangular theory of love | used to explain all types of love, Robert Sternberg |
| Utility value | our friends help us achieve our personal goals |
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