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Quiz Unit P7
Magnetism and Electricity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the three particles that make up an atom, and their charges. | Proton (+), neutron (neutral), electron (-) |
| What positive particle is located in the nucleus of the atom? | Proton |
| Electricity is defined as the movement of these negatively charged particles. | Electrons |
| Define static electricity. | The buildup of electrons on a substance (usually an insulator) |
| What is the difference between static and current electricity? | In static electricity, electrons build up; in current electricity, they flow through a conductor in a complete circuit. |
| The force produced by a magnetic field is called _______ | Magnetism |
| What do we call materials that have atomic structures that cause them to be magnetic? They always have a N and a S pole if their domains are aligned. | Permanent magnets |
| What are the only materials that are naturally magnetic? | Iron, nickel, and cobalt |
| Why do some materials form natural magnets? | They have domains (groups of atoms) with poles due to how their electrons are arranged. When these domains are lined up in the same direction, the material becomes magnetic. |
| How can you create magnetic alignment in iron objects (like in the paperclip in the create your own compass lab)? | Stroke the material in one direction with a magnet and the domains line up |
| What happens to the domains in a magnet when you drop or heat it? | The domains may lose alignment, and the magnet is weakened. |
| This surrounds a magnet, and is strongest close to the magnet | A magnetic field. |
| What is a temporary magnet made by placing a piece of iron inside a current carrying coil of wire? | An electromagnet |
| This device changes electrical energy into mechanical energy by allowing an electromagnet to spin freely between the poles of a fixed permanent magnet | Electric motor |
| This device produces electric current when a coil of wire rotates within a magnetic field | generator |
| What are the two types of current, and what produces/provides them? | AC - Alternating Current - Generator; DC - Direct Current - battery |
| What is the difference between the two types of current? | DC flows in only one direction, and AC alternates back and forth. |
| When an object is magnetic, where do all the domains in it point? | In the same direction |
| How is magnetism like static electricity? | In both static electricity and magnetism, opposites attract, and like repels. |
| What is the main difference between magnetism and electricity? | In electricity, you are dealing with charges (negative electrons moving around), in magnetism, you are dealing with poles. |
| What are the three parts of an electromagnet? | A wire coil which generates a magnetic field, a metal (usually iron) core, and a voltage source. |
| What is a small magnet that is free to spin that aligns with the earth's magnetic field? | compass |
| Where on a permanent magnet is the magnetic field the strongest? | at the poles |
| If you put a north and south pole together, what happens? | They attract |
| If you put a north and a north pole together, what happens? | They repel |
| How does an electromagnet work? | When current flows it creates a magnetic field in the coil. The domains in the iron core line up with the magnetic field in the coil of wire. |
| If you put a positive charge and a negative charge together, what happens? | They attract |
| If you put a negative charge near a negative charge what happens | They repel |
| In the lab electrons rubbed off the wool onto the ruler so the ruler got what charge? | negative |
| In the lab electrons rubbed off test tube onto the silk, so the test tube got what charge | positive |
| ___________ hold onto their electrons tightly. Examples are glass, rubber, paper, plastic | insulators |
| _________ do not hold onto their electrons tightly. Electrons move freely through them. Example metals and water. | conductors |
| lightning happens when there is a big build up of negative charge in clouds. When it jumps to the ground that is called what? | static discharge |
| For current to flow in a conductor there must be a complete ____ | circuit (continuous loop, no breaks) |
| What is the flow of electrons in a circuit called | current |
| What is the SI unit for measuring current? | amps (A) |
| The difference in potential electric energy, or electrons, between two areas that creates the push to move charges in a circuit. | Voltage |
| What is the SI unit for measuring voltage | volts (V) |
| Opposition to the flow of current in a circuit is called ______. It is kind of like friction, but in a wire and it makes the wire get hot. | Resistance |
| What is the SI unit for resistance in a circuit. | ohms (symbol is like an upside down horseshoe) |
Created by:
tbrandt
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