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GI Tract 411

GI

QuestionAnswer
Neutralize stomach acidity Antacids MOA
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, gastric hyperactivity, heartburn Antacids indications
Rapid onset of action, short duration Antacids
Tetracycline interaction w/ antacids direct complex, binds to Ca2+
Methenamine interaction w/ antacids alkaline urine prohibits conversion of formaldehyde
Ketoconazole interaction w/ antacids increased gastric pH decreases abs
Constipation, phosphate depletion, osteoporosis Al Hydroxide ADRs
Diarrhea, hypokalemia, hypermagnesemia Magnesium ADRs
Calcium stone formation, acid rebound Calcium Carbonate ADRs
Systemic alkalosis, acid rebound, sodium overload Sodium bicarbonate ADRs
Forms a foam that floats on the liquid present in stomach Alginic Acid (Gaviscon)
Used for control of reflux symptoms of GERD Alginic Acid (Gaviscon)
Defoaming agent used to relieve intestinal gas. Simethicone
Antiemetic-Scopolamine Motion sickness, inner ear, Ach receptors
Antiemetic-Promethiazine Rx, used in hospitals, D2 receptors
Antiemetic-Dimenhydrinate Mild-moderate OTC, H1 receptors
Antiemetic-Ondansetron Most potent and effective, used w/ chemo, 5HT receptors
Partially block secretion of gastric acid H2 blockers
Treat and prevent duodenal ulcers, treat gastric ulcers, GERD hypersecretory states H2 blockers indications
HA, gynecomastia, dry mouth/skin, fatigues H2 blockers ADRs
Anticoagulants, antidepressants, antacids, ketoconazole H2 blockers interactions
H2 blockers drugs Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Nizatidine, Famotidine
Shuts down gastric acid production PPI's MOA
Sever erosive esophagitis, hypersecretory gastric conditions, gastric and duodenal ulceration PPI's indications
PPI's Drugs Lansoprazole, Omeprazole
Forms a protective barrier at ulcer site Sucralfate
Treats duodenal ulcers Sucralfate
Caution in renal failure Sucralfate
Constipation most common, diarrhea, nausea Sucralfate ADR's
Prostaglandin analog (gives back), prevention of gastric ulcers while taking NSAIDs Misoprostil MOA
Diarrhea, abdominal pain, HA Misoprostil ADRs
Uterotrophic-contraindicated in pregnancy, causes uterine contractions Misoprostil
Absorbs water to increase bulk, distending bowel to initiate reflex activity Psyllium (bulk forming laxative)
Regularity agents, not for acute constipation Bulk forming laxatives
Wetting agent used to soften stool mass Docusate (Stool Softener) MOA
Tetracycline, anticoagulants, digoxin Bulk forming laxatives interactions
No interactions Stool softeners interactions
Preventative, not for acute constipation, use as stool mass is forming Stool Softeners/Docusate
Increase peristalsis by irritating nerves in colon Stimulant laxatives (Senna, Biscodyl) MOA
Antacids/dairy products Stimulant laxatives (Senna, Biscodyl) interactions
Good for acute constipation, work quickly Stimulant laxatives (Senna, Biscodyl)
Body can become dependent on, bad for elderly, bulimic Stimulant laxatives (Senna, Biscodyl)
Increase water content of bowel stimulating peristalsis Osmotic/Saline Laxatives (MOM)
Decrease absorption Osmotic/Saline Laxatives
Caution in renal failure, sodium load, diarrhea, cramping Osmotic/Saline Laxatives
Very fast and intense, not for use on a regular basis Osmotic/Saline Laxatives
Coats feces easing passage of stool Mineral oil
Absorbs fat soluble vitamins, stool softeners increase absorption Mineral oil interactions
Tends to leak from rectum, if absorbed, causes inflammatory rxn. lipid pneumonia Mineral oil
Stimulate secretory processes and promotes intestinal motility Castor oil MOA
Suppository w/ osmotic action in rectum Glycerin
Inhibits intestinal smooth muscle, Dry mouth, dizziness, tachycardia, flushing Diphehoxylate and atropine
Inhibits intestinal smooth muscle, SE's uncommon Loperamide (Impdium)
Created by: lbreimeir
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