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Common drug
classifications and actions
| Term | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| anesthetic | prevents sensation of pain | -lidoaine HCI (xylocaine, lidoderm) -tetracaine HCI (pontocaine) |
| antibiotic (antibacterial) | destroys or inhibits bacterial growth | -amoxocillin (amoxil) -levofloxacin (levaquin) |
| anithelmintic (or antihelminthic) | destroys or inhibits parasitic worms | -mebendazole (vermox) -pyrantel pamoate (combantrin antiminth) |
| antineoplastic | poisons cancerous cells | -bleomycin (blenoxane) -tamoxifen (nolvadex) |
| antipyretic | reduces fever | -acetaminophen (tylenol) -acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) |
| antiseptic | inhibits growth of microorganisms | -isopropyl alcohol; providone-iodine (betadine) |
| mydriatic | constricts vessels, raises blood pressure, dilates pupils | -atropine (atropisol) |
| antifungal | treats fungal infections | -amphoterician B (fungizone) -nystatin (mycostatin) |
| antipruritic | relieves itching | -hydroxyzine HCI (atarax) -hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone cream) |
| muscle relaxant | relaxes muscles on a short-term basis | -carisoprodol (Rela, Soma) -cyclobenzaprine HCI (flexeril) |
| nonsteroidal antinflammatory drug (NSAID) | reduces pain, inflammation, and fever | -naproxen (aleve) -ibuprofen (motrin, advil) |
| steroid | reduces inflammation | -dexamethasone (decadron) -prednisone (deltasone) |
| antianxiety | depresses the CNS | -alprazolam (alprazolam intensol) -lorazepam (ativan) |
| anticholinergic | blocks parasympathetic nerve impulses | -atropine sulfate |
| anticonvulsant | prevents or relieves convulsions | -clonazepam (klonopin) -phenytoin (dilantin) |
| antidepressant | prevents or treats mental depression | -amitriptyline HCI (elavil) -vanlafaxine HCI (effexor XR) |
| antiepileptic | treats epilepsy | -carbamazepine (tegretol) -felbamate (felbatol) |
| antiparkinsonian | treats Parkinson's disease | -procyclidine (kemadrin) -bromocriptine (cycloset) |
| antipsychotic | treats psychosis | -chlorpromazine HCI (thorazine) -clozapine (clozaril) |
| sedative | creates tranquilizing, soothing effects | -chloral hydrate (Noctec) -zolpidem (ambien) |
| stimulant | increases brain and other organ activity; decreases appetite | -caffeine (No-Doz) -methylphenidate (ritalin) |
| antidiabetic | reduces glucose | -metformin (Glucophage) -glipizide (Glucotrol) |
| antisecretory | inhibits secretion | -omeprazole (prilosec) -esomeprazole (nexium) |
| insulin | treats diabetes | -insulin recombinant (Humulin) -insulin human (Exubera) |
| thyroid agent | replaces thyroid function | -levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid, Levothroid) |
| antiarrhythmic | regulates the heartbeat | -dysopyramide (norpace) -propranolol HCI (inderal) |
| anticoagulant | slows the coagulation process | -enoxaparin (lovenox) -heparin sodium (Hep-Lock) |
| antihypercholesteolemic | prevents or control high cholesterol | -gemfibrozil (lopid) -atorvastatin (Lipitor) |
| antihypertensive | prevents or controls high blood pressure | -amlodipine (norvasc) -metropolol (Toprol XL) |
| hemostatic | promotes coagulation to control or stop bleeding | -aminocaproic acid (amicar) -phytonaadione (mephyton) |
| vasoconstrictor | constricts blood vessels, increasing blood pressure | -dopamine HCI (intropin) -norepinephrine (levophed) |
| vasodilator | dilates blood pressure, decreasing blood pressure | -enalopril (Vasotec) -lisinopril (prinivil) |
| antiasthmatic | treats or prevents asthma attacks | -montelukast (singulair) -albuterol (ProAir HFA) |
| antihistamine | relieves allergies | cetirizine HCI (Zyrtec) |
| antitussive | relieves or prevents cough | -codeine; dextromethorphan hydrobromide (robitussin DM) |
| bronchodilator | dilates bronchi of the lungs | -albuterol (proventil) -epinephrine (epinephrine mist) |
| decongestant | reduces mucus production | -oxymetazoline HCI (afrin) -phenylephrine HCI (neo-synephrine) |
| expectorant (mucokinetic) | liquefies mucus in the | -guaifenesin (musinex) -acetylcysteine (mucomyst) |
| antacid/ antiulcer | neutralizes gastric acids | -calcium carbonate (tums) -esomeprazole (nexium) |
| antidiarrheal | relieves diarrhea | -bismuth subsalicylate (pepto-bismol) loperamide HCI (imodium) |
| antiemetic | controls nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness | -prochlorperazine (compazine) -promethazine (phenergan) |
| laxative (cathartic) | promotes evacuation of the intestines | -bisacodyl (dulcolax) -casanthranol (peri-colace) |
| diuretic | increases urine excretion | -bumetanide (bumex) -furosemide (lasix) |
| androgen | replaces male hormones | -testosterone (androgel, testoderm) |
| antivenereal | prevents or control sexually transmitted (venereal) diseases | -azithromycin (azithrommycin dose pack) -acyclovir (zovirax) |
| contraceptive | prevents conception | -nogestrel (ovrette) |
| estrogen | replaces female hormones | -conjugated estrogens (premarin) -synthetic conjugated estrogens (cenestin) |
| analgesic | relieves pain | -acetaminophen (tylenol) -oxycodone HCI (percpcet) |
Created by:
epavia
Popular Pharmacology sets