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Common Drugs

Drug Classifications and Actions

Classification Action/Examples
Antipsychotic Treats Psychosis - chlorpromazine HCl (Thorazine), clozapine (Clozaril), haloperidol (Haldol)
Sedative Creates tranquilizing, soothing effects - chloral hydrate (Notec), secobarbital sodium (Seconal Sodium), zolpidem (Ambien)
Stimulant Increases brain and other organ activity, decreases appetite - amphetamine sulfate (Benzedrine), caffeine (No- Doz), methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Antidiabetic Reduces glucose - metformin ( Glucophage), glipizide (Glucotrol), pigolitazone HCl (Actos)
Antisecretory Inhibits secretion - omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium)
Insulin Treats Diabetes - insulin recombinant (Humulin) insulin human (Exubera), insulin glulisine (Apidra)
Thyroid Agent Replaces Thyroid Function -levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid, Levothroid, Unthread)
Antiarryhythmic Regulates the heartbeat -disopyramide (Norpace), propafenone HCI (Rythmol), propranolol HCI (Inderal)
Anticoagulant Slows the coagulation process - enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin sodium (Hep-Lock), warfarin sodium (Coumadin)
Antihypercholesterolemic Prevents or controls high cholesterol - gemfibrozil (Lopid), atrovastatin (Lipitor) rosuvastatin (Crestor)
Antihypertensive Prevents or controls high blood pressure - amlodipine (Norvasc) metoprolol (Toprol XL) valsartan (Diovan)
Hemostatic Promotes coagulation to control or stop bleeding -aminocaproic acid (Amicar), phytonadione (Mephyton), thrombin (Thrombogen)
Vasoconstrictor Constricts blood vessels, increasing blood pressure -dopamine HCI (Intropin), norepinephrine (Levophed), amphetamine (Adderall)
Vasodilator Dilates blood vessels, decreasing blood pressure -enalopril (Vasotec), lisinopril (Prinivil), nitrogylcerin (Nitrostat)
Antiasthmatic Treats or prevents asthma attacks - montelukast (Singulair), albuterol (ProAir HFA), fluticasone, salmeterol (Advair Diskus)
Antihistamine Relieves allergies - cetirizine HCI (Zyrtec), diphenhydramine HCI (Benadryl) fexofenadine (Allegra)
Antitussive Relieves or prevents coughs -codeine, dextromethorphan hydrobromide (Robitussin DM)
Bronchodilator Dilates bronchi of the lungs -albuterol (Proventil), epinephrine (Epinephrine Mist), salmeterol (Serevent)
Decongestant Reduces mucus production - oxymetazoline HCI (Afrin), phenylephrine HCI (Neo-Synephrine), pseudophedrine HCI (Sudafed)
Expectorant (mucokinetic) Liquefies mucus in bronchi -guafenesin (Mucinex), acetylcysteine (Mucomyst), dornase alfa (Pulmozyme)
Antacid/ Antiulcer Neutralizes gastric acids - calcium carbonate (Tums), esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole (Prevacid)
Antidiarrheal Relieves diarrhea -bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), kaolin, pectin (Kaopectate), loperamide HCI (Imodium)
Antiemetic Controls nausea, vomiting, and motion sickness -prochlorperazine (Compazine), promethazine (Phenergan), trimethobenzamide HCI (Tigan)
Laxative (cathartic) Promotes evacuation of the intestines -bisacodyl (Dulcolax), casanthranol (Peri-Colace), magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
Diuretic Increases urine excretion - bumetanide (Bumex), furosemide (Lasix) , hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril)
Androgen replaces male hormones - testosterone (AndroGel, Testoderm), testosterone undecanoate (Aveed)
Antivenereal Prevents or controls sexually transmitted (venereal) diseases -azithromycin (Azithromycin Dose Pack), levofloxacin (Levaquin), acyclovir (Zovirax)
Contraceptive Prevents conception norgestrel (Ovrette), ethinyl estradiol, nor gestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen), norethindrone, ethinyl estradiol (Ortho-Evra)
Estrogen Replaces female hormones -conjugated estrogens (Premarin), conjugated estrogens, medroxyprogesterone (Prempro), synthetis conjugated estrogens (Cenestin)
Created by: gnhill
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