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Work, Power, Energy
Physical Science chapter 14 and 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| push or pull | Force |
| Force x distance | Work |
| An object must do this for work to be done | MOVE in the direction of the force |
| The rate of doing work, or work/time | Power |
| SI Unit for Force | Newton (N) |
| SI unit for Work | Joule (J) |
| SI unit for Power | Watt (W) |
| Si unit for time | second (s) |
| SI unit for distance | meter (m) |
| How are work and energy related | it takes energy to do work |
| What is horsepower | the power of an average strong horse, English unit of power. |
| What is the work done move a box 3 meters with 50 N of force | 150 Nm or 150 J |
| What is the power required to move a box 3 m with 50 N of force if it takes 3 sec | 50 J/s or 50 W |
| In Science, this is defined as “when a force moves an object a distance.” | Work |
| The ability to do work or cause changes in matter | Energy |
| The SI unit for Work and energy | Joule |
| One of the two main types of energy: energy that is stored; | Potential Energy |
| One of the two main types of energy: the energy of motion | Kinetic Energy |
| When a book is dropped, it has this kind of energy. | Kinetic Energy and mechanical energy |
| A stretched rubber band is an example of this type of potential energy. | Elastic Potential Energy |
| The fuel used by a rocket stores energy as this. (All food and fuels store this type of potential energy.) | Chemical Potential Energy |
| An object held up above the surface of the ground has this type of potential energy. | Gravitational Potential Energy (the energy of position or height of an object above the earth's surface.) |
| The higher an object is above the ground... | The more gravitational potential energy the object has. |
| Once used, these type of resources can be easily replaced. | Renewable Resources |
| Water, wind, and sunlight are examples of this type of resource. | Renewable Resources |
| Once used, these resources cannot be easily replaced. Uranium is one example of these. So is coal and oil. | Nonrenewable Resources |
| Petroleum, natural gas, and coal are all this: | Fossil Fuels (Nonrenewable Resources) |
| How are fossil fuels produced? | Fossil Fuels are created from decayed materials from plants and animals acted on by heat and pressure over many millions of years. |
| A new fuel made from renewable organic material from plants or animals | Biomass Fuels |
| Electricity produced by combining Hydrogen and Oxygen gases with water as the only byproduct | Hydrogen Fuel Cells |
| Electricity produced when falling or running water turns a generator. | Hydropower or Hydroelectricity |
| What is a disadvantage of using hydroelectric power? | Hydroelectricity can disturb natural ecosystems, because dams often flood land , change water flow, and can affect fish populations. They are also expensive to build |
| Thermal energy from the ground (often in areas where there is volcanic activity near the surface)) harnessed for electricity or heat. | Geothermal |
| Electricity produced when wind turns a propeller which then turns a generator. | Wind power |
| What are the advantages of using wind power? | Wind power is clean, inexpensive, renewable, and available and almost everywhere. |
| What are the disadvantages of using wind power? | The wind must be blowing. Large wind farms produce noise, are not pleasing to look at, and may have ecological effects on birds and bats. |
| Electricity generated by sunlight hitting a photovoltaic cell | Solar power |
| The form of energy caused by motion of mechanical parts (like windmills and buses) | Mechanical Energy |
| The form of energy due to the movement of electrically charged particles | Electrical Energy |
| The form of energy related to the movement of atoms that make up matter (more is produced as the atoms move faster) | Heat or Thermal Energy |
| This form of energy is in the form of electromagnetic radiation (light waves, x-rays, radio waves, gamma waves...) | Radiant or Energy |
| The form of energy that comes from the fusion or fission of the center of an atom (nucleus) | Nuclear Energy |
| What is the fuel most often used for nuclear energy? | Uranium |
| The form of energy created by movement of air molecules caused by vibration (loudspeakers produce this) | Sound Energy |
| The form of energy stored in the bonds of molecules in food and fuels (like gasoline) | Chemical Energy |
| The formula for kinetic energy | KE = 1/2 m x v2 or KE = (mvv)/2 |
| The formula for gravitational potential energy | GPE = m x g x h Remember g=9.8 m/s2 |
| According to the law of conservation of energy, what is true about the total amount of energy in the universe? | The total amount of energy in the universe remains CONSTANT. |
| What does the Law of Conservation of energy state? | Energy may change from one form to another, but the total amount of energy in the Universe never changes. |
| What gas produced by burning fossil fuels is thought to lead to global warming? | Carbon dioxide |
| What is the biggest problem with our continued use of fossil fuels? | Fossil fuels are a nonrenewable resource. We will eventually run out of them |
| The form of energy due to the attraction between two objects due to their masses and distance apart. | Gravitational energy |
| The form of energy due to the attraction of objects made of iron, nickel, or cobalt. | Magnetic energy |
| Almost all energy on earth comes from this source. | The Sun |
| E=mc2 | Einsteins law that says energy and mass can be converted into each other. E is energy, m is mass, and c2 is the speed of light squared |
| Sierra serves a volleyball with a mass of 2 kg. The ball leaves her hand with a speed of 30 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the ball? | 900 J |
| The potential energy of an apple is 6 J. It is sitting on a shelf that is 3 m high. What is the mass of the apple? | .20kg |
| In a pendulum swing, where is there the greatest kinetic energy? | at the bottom of the swing when it is going the fastest |
| In a pendulum swing, where is there the greatest potential energy | at the top of the swing where it is the highest |
Created by:
tbrandt
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