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Study Guide Part II
Skull, Dentition and the rest of the Axial Skeleton
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Coronal Suture | Connects frontal and parietal bones |
| Sagittal Suture | Splits parietal bones, meets coronal bone |
| Metopic Suture | Between the eye brows, splits coronal bone |
| Lambdoidal Suture | Connects occiptal and parietal bones |
| Squamosal Suture | Connects parietal and temporal bones |
| Basilar Suture | Connects sphenoid and occiptal bones (inside nose) |
| Frontal Bone | Single Bone, Superciliary Arch, Supraorbital Torus, Glabella at metopic suture, supraorbital margin |
| Parietal Bone(s) | Left and Right |
| Temporal Bone(s) | Paired (left & right), mandibular fossa, mastoid process, external auditory meatus |
| Auditory Ossicles | 6 total, 3 on each side (Malleus, Incus, Stapes) |
| Occiptal Bone | Single bone, external occipital protuberance, nuchal lines, occipital condyles, foramen magnum |
| Sphenoid Bone | Butterfly / Bat inside (between Frontal + Temporal), Underneath Ethmoid |
| Ethmoid Bone | Single Bone, sits under nose at top of underside |
| Inferior Nasal Concha | Inside naval cavity (looks like waves) |
| Nasal Bones | Top portion of nose between eyes (bulk of nose is cartilege) |
| Lacrimal Bones | Where tear ducts are inside eye orbital |
| Zygomatic Bones | Cheek bones (connects maxila + frontal bones) |
| Palatines | Point in roof of mouth before soft area |
| Vomer | Sits under Ethmoid in nasal cavity, goes straight back |
| Maxila | Left and Right of nose and above teeth, squared, between zygomatic |
| Mandible | Jaw, lower dentition, one bone, mental protuberance (chin), mandibular condyle |
| Incisors | (8 total) 4 on top, 4 on bottom (front teeth) |
| Canine | (4 total) 2 on top, 2 on bottom (next to incisors) |
| Premolars | (8 total) 4 on top, 4 on bottom (after canines) |
| Molars | (12 total) 6 on top, 6 on bottom (after premolars) |
| Dental formula for humans | 2-1-2-3 (split mouth into 4) |
| Crown | Top of the tooth |
| Enamel | Outer white part of tooth |
| Dentine | Under enamel |
| Pulp | Holds nerves, under dentin |
| Body (Vertebrae) | Connects with other vertabrae |
| Transverse processes | Sticks out to sides |
| Spinous Process | Point you can feel when you touch your spine |
| Vertebral Canal | The hole that forms when all vertabrae are stacked |
| Superior/Inferior Articular Processes | Above and below where two vertabrae meet |
| Cervical Vertebrae | (7 total C1-C7) in neck |
| Atlas (C1) | Articulates with skull on occipital condyle (allows head to lean) |
| Axis (C2) | Touches the atlas (allows head to turn left and right) |
| Odontoid Process / Dens | Point sticking up on Axis |
| Transverse Foramen | C1-C7 holes where cranial nerves run through |
| Spinous Process (Bifurcated) | Two points at posterior end |
| Thoracic Vertabrae | (12 total T1-T12) connect to the rib cage on their transverse process |
| Rib Facets | meets with rib bones |
| Long Spinous Process | Longer than the cervical and angle sharply inferior |
| Lumbar Vertabrae | (5 total L1-L5) |
| Lumbar Vertabrae | Large bodies (bulk of weight rests on them) |
| Lumbar Vertabrae | No rib facets |
| Sacrum | (4-6 vertabrae) fuse together ages 17-25 |
| Coccyx | (3-5) Tailbone Sits at bottom of Sacrum |
| Hyoid Bone | Doesn't touch any other bone, held by muscles in top of throat and helps vocal chords |
| Sternum | Divided into manubrium, sternal body, and xiphoid process |
| True Ribs | Articulate directly to sternum via cartilege (1-7) |
| False Ribs | Articulate to another piece of cartilege and then to the sternum (8-10) |
| False Floating Ribs | Free floating and connected to spinal column (11-12) |
Created by:
evaqua
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