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Respiratory Therapy
Medical terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Apnea | the absence of breathing, temporary inability to breath |
| Aerophagia | swallowing of air |
| Asthma | respiratory disorder, often of allergic origin, characterized by dyspnea (difficulty breathing), wheezing, and a sense of constriction in the chest |
| Alveoli | tiny air sacs in the lungs at the end of the bronchioles |
| Acidosis | an abnormal increase in the acidity of the blood |
| Anoxia | lack or absence of oxygen |
| Atelectasis | collapse of the lung or a part of the lung (imperfect expansion of the lungs) |
| Bradypnea | slow breathing |
| Bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| Bronchofiberoscopy | use of a flexible bronchofiberscope to examine the tracheobronchial tree |
| Bronchodilator | a substance that acts to dilate constricted bronchial tubes |
| Bronchiectasis | dilation of the bronchi or bronchial tubes |
| Bronchostenosis | narrowing of bronchus |
| Bronchioles | smallest bronchial tubes |
| Broncholith | calculus in a bronchus |
| Bronchostomy | formation of a new opening into a bronchus |
| Bronchus | either of the two main branches of the trachea |
| Bronchorrhagia | bronchial hemorrhage |
| Bronchorrhaphy | suturing of a bronchus |
| Bronchospasm | spasmodic contraction of the muscular lining of the bronchi |
| Crackles | fine crackling or bubbling sounds typically heard upon inspiration |
| Consolidation | process of being solid |
| Corticosteroid | relieves inflammation and replace hormones for adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease). |
| Coryza | inflammation of the nasal passages, cold |
| Croup | acute respiratory syndrome, laryngeal obstruction, barking cough, stridor |
| Cyanosis | bluish color due to hypoxia |
| Cyte | cell |
| COPD | (Chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disease)- group of respiratory disorders, characterized by a chronic, partial obstruction of the bronchi and lungs. |
| Diaphragm | muscle partition that separates the lungs from the abdominal cavity and aids in the process of breathing |
| Dermatomycosis | fungal disease of the skin |
| Ectasia/Ectasis | dilation or expansion |
| Emphysema | distention and destruction of the alveoli |
| Empyema | pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity (pyothorax) |
| Epiglottitis | acute form, a severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and surrounding area that occurs most commonly in children 2-12. |
| Epiglottis | flap covering the windpipe |
| Epistaxis | hemorrhage of the nose or nose bleed |
| Endotracheal | within the trachea |
| Friction rub | dry grating sounds heard upon auscultation with a stethoscope |
| FVC | (Forced Vital Capacity)- measurement of the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled from the lungs after the deepest inhalation |
| Hypoxemia | oxygen deficiency in the blood |
| Hemo | blood |
| Hemoptysis | condition of bloody sputum. Expectoration (coughing up) blood |
| Hypoxia | oxygen deficiency in the body |
| Hemorrhage | rupture, large amount of blood loss |
| Hyperventilation | excessive movement of air in and out of the lungs, sighing respirations |
| Intercostal | pertaining to between the ribs |
| Influenza | contagious, viral disease, may cause fever, chills, HA (hemagglutinin), muscle (my) pain |
| Inspiration | the act of drawing in the breath. To breathe in |
| IPPB | (Intermittent positive-pressure breathing) |
| Lobectomy | excision of a lobe. Surgical excision or removal of a lobe |
| Larynx | voice box (contains the vocal cords) |
| Laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx |
| Laryngalgia | pain in the larynx |
| Laryngostomy | creating a new opening in larynx |
| Laryngotomy | incision into the larynx to create a temporary opening |
| Laryngocele | herniation of the larynx |
| Laryngopathy | any disease of the larynx |
| Laryngoscope | instrument used to examine the larynx |
| Laryngospasm | spasm of the larynx |
| Melan | black |
| Muc(o) | mucus |
| My(o) | muscle |
| Myc(o) | fungus |
| Mycosis | any condition caused by a fungus |
| Mycoid | resembling fungi |
| Mycology | science and study of fungi |
| Mycodermatitis | inflammation of the skin caused by a fungus |
| Steth | chest |
| Ortho | straight |
| Orthopnea | difficult/ painful breathing in a position except in an erect sitting or standing position. Abel to breathe only when sitting or standing |
| Ptyalo | saliva or sputum (P is silent) |
| Ptyalorrhea | flow of saliva |
| Pertussis | “whooping cough” infection of the respiratory mucous membrane |
| Pnea | breath, breathing, respiration |
| Dyspnea | difficult breathing |
| Pneum(o) | lung/air |
| Pneuma | wind or breath |
| Pneumoderma | collection of air under the skin |
| Pneumothorax | collection of air in the chest cavity |
| Pneumotherapy | treatment with compressed air |
| Pneumometer | an instrument that measures air volume in respiration |
| Pneumoserothorax | collection of air and serum in the chest cavity |
| Pneumopyothorax | collection of air and pus in the chest cavity |
| Pneumon/o | lung |
| Pneumonectomy | excision of part or all of a lung |
| Pneumonotomy | incision of a lung |
| Pneumonopathy | any disease of the lungs |
| Pneumonorrhagia | hemorrhage of a lung |
| Pneumonia | acute inflammation of the lungs caused by a variety of organisms and viruses |
| Pneumonitis | inflammation of the lungs |
| Pneumonomelanosis | lung disease in which lung tissue becomes black due to breathing in black dust, soot, or black smoke |
| Postural drainage | use of body positioning to assist in removal of secretion from specific lobs of the lung, bronchi, or lung cavities |
| Pneumothorax | the presence of air in the pleural cavity |
| Pneumonocele | herniation of the lung through a defect in the chest wall |
| Pneumocentesis | surgical puncture of the lung (to remove fluid) |
| Pneumonopexy | surgical fixation of lung tissue |
| Pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura |
| Pleurectomy | excision of part of the pleura |
| Pleura | membrane enveloping the lungs and lining the walls of the thoracic cavity |
| Pleuralgia | pain in the pleura |
| Pharyngo | throat |
| Pharyngotomy | incision of the pharynx |
| Pharyngopathy | disease of the pharynx |
| Pharyngoplasty | surgical repair of the pharynx |
| Pharyngoscope | instrument to examine the pharynx |
| Pharyngolith | calculus in the wall of the pharynx |
| Pharyngomycosis | a fungus disease of the pharynx |
| Pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx |
| Pharyngocele | herniation of the pharynx |
| Pharyngostenosis | narrowing/stricture of the pharynx |
| Pyothorax | pus in the thorax of the pleural cavity |
| Pharyngomycosis | abnormal fungus condition of the throat |
| Pharyngoplegia | paralysis of the pharynx or throat |
| Phreno | diaphragm |
| Phrenoplegia | paralysis of the diaphragm |
| Phrenectomy | removal of a portion of the phrenic nerve |
| Pulmono | lung |
| Pulmonary/ Pulmonic | pertaining to lungs |
| Pulmonary/Pulmonic valve | heart valve through which blood travels to the lungs. Blood flows from the heart to the lungs via the pulmonary or pulmonic artery. |
| Pulmonary embolus | blood clot moving to the lung |
| Rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| Rhinomycosis | fungal disease of the nose |
| Pneumonosis | abnormal condition of the lungs |
| Stridor | high pitched musical sound made on inspiration due to obstruction |
| Spirometry | measures breathing capacity of the lungs |
| Thoracocentesis | surgical puncture of the chest (to remove fluid) |
| Trachea | windpipe |
| Tracheopyosis | condition of the trachea with pus formation |
| Tracheorrhagia | hemorrhage from the trachea |
| Trachealgia | pain in the trachea |
| Tacheocele | herniation of the trachea |
| Tracheostomy | forming an opening in the trachea |
| Tracheoscopy | examination of the trachea |
| Tracheal | pertaining to the trachea |
| Tracheolarygnotomy | incision of trachea and larynx |
| Tracheomalacia | softening of the trachea |
| Tracheopathy | disease of the trachea |
| Tracheotomy | incision of the trachea |
| Tracheostomy | surgical creation of a new opening in the trachea |
| Tachypnea | rapid, fast, elevated breathing |
| Tuberculosis | infectious disease producing small lesions in the lungs |
| Visceropleural | pertaining to the membrane attached to the lung |
| Whoop | sonorous and convulsive sound on inhalation due to spasms in the larynx. Barking or seal cough. Indicative of whooping cough |
| Wheeze | continuous high pitched whistling usually during expiation, narrow airway |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| FEV | Forced expiratory (exhaled) volume |
| FEV1 | forced expiratory (exhaled) volume in one second |
| PFT | (pulmonary function test)- test to determine the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and CO2 efficiently |
| Fibromyalgia | a syndrome characterized by fatigue and chronic pain in the muscles as well as in tissues surrounding the joints |
| Cystic fibrosis | production of viscid mucus that obstructs the pancreatic ducts and bronchi |
| Diaphragmatic- hernia | protrusion of the abdominal parts/organs into the chest through the diaphragm |
| Nephritis | inflammation of the kidneys |
| Hepatoma | tumor of the liver |
| ABG | Arterial Blood Gases |
| CA | Cancer; Chronological age; cardiac arrest |
| COPD | (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)- used to describe progressive lung diseases such as emphysema, chronic bronchitis, refractory asthma. |
| CPAP | (Continuous positive airway pressure)- treatment that is used due to enlarged tonsils that cause an airway obstruction |
| CPAP machine | (Continuous positive airway pressure)- machine used to treat sleep apnea. |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
| OSA | (obstructive sleep apnea)- may be due to enlarged tonsils that cause an airway obstruction |
| ARDS | (acute respiratory distress syndrome)- due to severe inflammatory damage that causes abnormal permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane. Alveoli filled with fluid interferes with gas exchange |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| -algia-, dynia | pain |
| -ectasis | dilation, expansion |
| -cele | hernia, swelling |
| -centesis | surgical puncture |
| -ectomy | excision, removal |
| -malacia | softening |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -ia | condition |
| -ole | small, minute |
| -osis | abnormal condition, increase (primarily in blood cells) |
| -osmia | smell |
| -oxia | oxygen |
| -rrhea | discharge, flow |
| -scope | instrument for examining |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -phagia | swallowing, eating |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| -pnea | breathing |
| -stenosis | narrowing stricture |
| -spasm | involuntary contraction, twitching |
| -thorax | chest |
| -therapy | treatment |
| -tome | instrument to cut |
| -tomy | incision |
| -ist | specialist |
| -itic | pertaining to |
| -ia | condition |
| -logist | study of |
| -pathy | disease |
| An- or A- | without, not |
| Brady- | slow |
| Dys- | bad, painful, difficult |
| Eu- | good, normal |
| Epi- | above, upon |
| Erythr/o | red |
| Hyp-, Hypo- | under, below, deficient |
| Macro- | large |
| Micro- | small |
| Neo- | new |
| Para- | near, beside, beyond |
| Peri- | around |
| Tachy- | rapid |
| Ortho- | straight |
| Pneumon- | lung |
| Melan- | black |
| Py(o) | pus |
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