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General Osteology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| General Osteology | The study of the skeletal system |
| Functions of the Skeleton | Support and movement |
| Functions of the Skeleton | Protection for internal organs |
| Functions of the Skeleton | Mineral and lipid storage |
| Functions of the Skeleton | Blood cell formation and storage |
| Bone Biology | Bone is a living dynamic tissue (protein and mineral) |
| Osteoblasts | Bone forming cells |
| Osteoclasts | Bone resorbing cells |
| Osteocytes | Stable mature bone cells |
| Ossification | The process of making bone |
| Intramembranous Ossification | Bone develops within a tissue membrane (skull) |
| Endochondral Ossification | Bone 'filling in' cartilege model |
| Compact (Cortical) Bone | Thicker outer portion of bone |
| Spongy (Cancellous) Bone | Fiberous inside w/ open spaces |
| Articular Cartilege | Covers the ends of bones |
| Periosteum | Thin membrane that protects bone from surrounding tissues |
| Endosteum | Lines and protects the inside of the bone |
| Marrow Cavity | Inside compact bone where marrow is held |
| Standard Anatomical Position | Body w/ arms by side, palms forward |
| Region of Skeleton (Axial) | Cranium, Thorax (ribs), Vertebral Column |
| Region of Skeleton (Appendicular) | Pectoral and Pelvic (Shoulder and Hip), arms & legs |
| Region of Skeleton (Cranial) | Everything to do with the head |
| Region of Skeleton (Postcranial) | Everything below the head |
| Coronal Plane | Seperates Front and Back |
| Midsagittal Plane | Splits equally left and right |
| Transverse Plane | Seperates Top and Bottom |
| Medial | Towards the midline of the body |
| Lateral | Away from the midline of the body |
| Anterior | Front of the body |
| Posterior | Back of the body |
| Superior | Top and above |
| Inferior | Bottom and below |
| Proximal | Towards the trunk of the body |
| Distal | Away from the trunk of the body |
| Mesial | Towards anterior midline |
| Distal | Towards back of the mouth |
| Labial | What's touching your lips |
| Lingual | What's touching the tongue |
| Buccal | What touches the cheek |
| Incisal | Biting edge of the incisors |
| Occlusal | Chewing surface of molars |
| Foramen | Hole or opening |
| Fossa | Pit, depression, or cavity |
| Meatus | A canal |
| Condyle | Large, rounded articular process |
| Line | A low, narrow ridge |
| Torus | Prominent ridge/thickening of bone that doesn't peak at apex |
| Crest | Projecting narrow ridge that peaks at apex |
| Process | Projection of bone |
| Spine | Long, thin, sharp projection |
| Tubercle | Small, round projection of bone |
| Tuberosity | Large, rough projection on bone |
| Facet | Smooth, mostly flat surface within a joint |
| Fontanelles | Soft spots - membrane space between cranial bones |
| Sutures | Areas of articulation in cranial bones (where they meet) |
Created by:
evaqua
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