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Matter
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Where are transition metals located on the periodic table? | in the middle and at the bottom |
Where are the least reactive elements on the periodic table? | far righthand column |
Where are the most reactive elements on the periodic table? | far left |
Where are the metalloids on the periodic table? | along the zigzag line |
Where are the nonmetals on the periodic table? | upper right area of the periodic table (and hydrogen) |
Where are the metals on the periodic table? | on the left of the zigzag (Metals include transition metals.) |
What is the smallest part of an element? | atom |
What is the smallest part of a compound? | molecule |
What does a period represent? | energy levels; rows |
What does a group represent? | number of valence electrons (also called a family); columns |
What is the definition of mass? | amount of matter in an object |
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter? | Matter is not created nor destroyed. |
What is the definition of density? | mass/volume; how tightly packed something is |
What is the formula for density? | mass/volume (usually shows up as g/mL) |
What are the types of physical properties? | color, odor, size, hardness, luster, phase of matter, mass, density, boiling point, melting point, solubility, conductivity |
What are the types of chemical properties? | reactivity, combustibility, toxicity |
What is the definition of melting point? | temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid; the same temperature as the freezing point |
What is the definition of combustibility? | how easily something burns |
What is the definition of reactivity? | how easily an atom has a chemical reaction with another atom |
What is the definition of boiling point? | temperature at which the liquid becomes a gas (vapor) |
What is a solute? | a substance that is dissolved in another substance |
What is a solvent? | the liquid in which a solute is dissolved |
What is a solution? | substances in a mixture are evenly distributed; all parts are the same; a solute dissolved in a solvent |
What is a homogenous mixture? | mixture that has the same combination of parts throughout the mixture; pure substance |
What is a heterogeneous mixture? | a mixture that is not the same throughout; can be easily separated |
What does the atomic number represent? | number of protons (Also, usually the number of electrons) |
What does the atomic mass represent? | number of protons plus neutrons |
What is a noble gas? | located on far right hand column; least reactive elements |
How do you find the number of neutrons? | Round the atomic mass to the nearest whole number (mass number), and then subtract the atomic number from this number. |
What are reactants and products? | Reactants are the substances you have at the beginning (what is added together). Products are the new substances you have when the reaction is complete. Usually, reactants are on the left, and products are on the right. |