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Ch 14/16
DHS PS Ch 14/16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The total energy of materials, particles is called? | thermal energy |
| What is known as the energy of motion? | kinetic energy |
| What is energy due to position or bonding called? | potential energy |
| What is measured by temperature, and the average movements of molecules called? | average kinetic energy |
| When the attractive forces between particles of a solid are broken it is known as the? | melting point |
| Which state of matter are molecules slipping/sliding past each other? | liquid |
| Which state of matter do molecules take the shape and volume of their container? | gas |
| Vaporization that occurs at the surface is known as? | evaporation |
| What is the point where pressure of a vapor is equal to the surface? | boiling point |
| What is the state of matter that s positively and negatively charged? | plasma |
| The increase of size due to temperature is known as? | thermal expansion |
| ________ occurs due to a strong attraction of its polar molecules? | Water's Strange Expansion |
| As a solid melts and a liquid vaporizes, the temperature remains constant it is called the? | heating curve of a liquid |
| The state of matter consisting of high-temperature gas with balanced positively and negatively charged particles is called? | plasma |
| The increase in the size of a substance when the temperature increases is called? | thermal expansion |
| When the temperature decreases, the size of a substance will ______? | decrease |
| Expansion and contraction occur in _______? | all three phases |
| How are temperature and kinetic energy related? | temperature means the average kinetic energy of a substance, or how fast the paricles are moving. |
| The _________ of a substance is the temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy. | meling point |
| How would you best describe the particles in a solid? | particles that are tightly packed together, can only vibrate, definite shape and volume |
| When the temperature of a substance is lowered, its particles? | vibrate more slowly |
| What is the energy an object has due to its motion? | kinetic energy |
| What is the smallest piece of matter that still has the properies of the element called? | atoms |
| What has an electrical charge of 1+? | protons |
| What part of the atom has no or neutral charge called? | neutrons |
| What has an electrical charge of 1-? | electrons |
| Where are protons and neutrons located in an atom? | nucleus |
| Where are electrons located in an atom? | in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus |
| What is the name of the model that shows electrons traveling in specific energy levels around a nucleus of protons and neutrons? | electron cloud |
| What is the most useful method for describing atoms? | constructing a model |
| An atom that contains 6 positive charges and 6 negative charges has what kind of charge? | no net |
| Atoms consist of a positively charged center called a? | nucleus |
| The negatively charged particles outside the nucleus of an atom are called? | electrons |
| What is the name of the model of the atom that reflects the unpredictable motion of the electron? | electron cloud model |
| Which atomic particle carries a 1+ charge? | proton |
| What is mostly composed of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus? | atomic mass |
| What is the unit of measurement for atomic particles that is one-twelth the mass of a carbon atom contaiing six protons and six neutrons called? | atomic mass unit (amu) |
| The number of protons in an atom is called the? | atomic number |
| What do we call the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom? | mass number |
| When atoms of the same element have different numbers of neutrons we call this an? | isotope |
| Different isotopes can have _______ properties. | different |
| How do you find the number of neutrons? | mass number - atomic number |
| How do you identify an isotope? | Look at the name of the element followed by the mass number |
| What is the weighted-average mass of an element's isotopes called? | average atomic mass |
| The average atomic mass is closest to its most? | abundant isotope |
| Where does the electron cloud model of an atom place protons, neutrons, and electrons? | protons and neutrons are in a center nucleus surround by electrons traveling in specific energy levels |
| How do atomic number and mass number differ? | atomic number = the number of protons in an atom; mass number = the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| When calculating the mass of an atom, the mass of an electron is? | negligible (not significant) |
| The mass of a proton is measured in? | atomic mass units |
| What are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons called? | isotopes |
| What is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons called? | mass number |
| How do you find the atomic mass of an element? | the number of protons + the number of neutrons of an atom |
| An isotope of Boron will have a different number of? | neutrons |
| The atomic number of an element is also the number of? | protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element |
| the center of an atom where proton and neutrons are located is the? | nucleus |
| A total count of the neutrons and protons in an atom is the? | mass number |
| Atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons are? | isotopes |
| The particles that move about the nucleus and have a negative charge are? | electrons |
| An atoms is comprised of what three components? | proton, neutron, and electron |
| What has a charge of 1+? | proton |
| What is the smallest part of an element that retains all the properties of the element? | atoms |
| If you change the number of protons in an atom, you change the? | element |
| The number of neutrons plus protons is called? | mass number |
Created by:
pherriman
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