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Chapter 16 Drugs
Deficiencies and Toxicities of Common Vitamins and Minerlas
| Vitamin | Sign of Deficiency Toxicities | Signs of Toxicity |
|---|---|---|
| Ribflovain B2 | Mucositis, skin rash, cracked lips, photophobia, tearing, poor vision, sensitivity to sunlight, memory loss, headaches, dementia | |
| Niacin B3 | Pellgra (swelling of mouth and tongue, diarrhea, skin rash, sesnitivity to sunlight | |
| Pantothenic acid B5 | Fatigue, malasie, headache, insomnia, vomitting, abdominal cramps. | |
| Pyridoxine B6 | Skin rash, nerve pain, loss of reflexes, convulsions, anemia | |
| Biotin B7 | Skin rash, hair loss, change in hair color, depression, tiredness, hallucinations, numbness, and tingling | |
| Folate (folic acid or B9) | Anemia, diarrhea, swelling/painful tongue | |
| Cyanocobalamin B12 | anemia, swelling/painful tongue, nerve pain and degenration | |
| Ascorbic acid (C) | Scurvy (anemia, hemorrhages, nosebleeds, spongy gums, enlargement, of hair follicies) poor wound healing, fatigue, depression | |
| A | Keratomalacia (skin rash, corneal, degeneration, night blindness, dry eyes) | Nausea, vomiting, vertigo, blurry vision, hair loss, headache, irritability, skin peeling, bone and liver problems |
| D | Rickets (bone softening, muscle weakness) | High blood calcium, kidney stones, nausea, vomiting, thirst, increased urination, muscle weakness, bone pain |
| E | Hemolysis | Only in cases of very high doses: bleeding, stroke |
| K | Bleeding | Very rare: anemia, jaundice |
| Chromium | Glucose intolerance, peripheral nephropathy, weight loss, elevated LDL, cholesterol, sugar in the urine | Skin/nasal lesions, skin rash, lung cancer |
| Copper | Nuetropenia, luekopenia, anemia, osteoporosis, hair/skin depigmentation, anorexia, diarrhea, mental status changes, high cholesterol | Diarrhea, vomiting, metallic taste, cirrhosis |
| Iodine | Goiter, hyperthyroisim, nueromuscular problems, deafness, decreased mental function, bone softening/slowed growth. | Metallic taste, sore teeth and gums, irritation of the mouth and throat, toxic thyroid, stomach upset, diarrhea, weight loss, tachycardia, muslce weakness, fever, infertility |
| Iron | Anemia, fatigue, weakness, pallor, swelling/painful tongue, headache, difficulty swallowing, fingernail changes, numbness/tingling | Cirrhosis, heart problems, pancreatic damage, change in skin pigmentation |
| Manganese | Nausea, vomiting, skin rash, hair color changes, low cholesterol, growth retardation, problems, with carbohydrate/protein, metabolism | Parkinson's-like symptoms, (changes in gait when walking) irritability, hallucinations, changes in libido |
| Selenium | Muscle weakness and pain, heart problems | Nausea, vomiting, hair and nail loss, tooth decay, skin, lesions, irritability, fatigue, peripheral, nephropathy |
| Zinc | Skin rash, loss of taste, hair loss, diarrhea, depression, growth retardation, poor wound healing, immunosuppression | Stomach upset, nausea, dizziness, decreased HDL cholesterol |
| Thiamin B1 | Beriberi (numbness and tingling, edema, heart failure) impaired memory, lactic acidosis, visual disturbances, mental status changes |
Created by:
cjislas
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