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RTE 1503
RTE 1503 CHP 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Axial Skeleton | (80) bones: Cranium, facial, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral coccyx, sternum and ribs |
| Appendicular skeleton | (126) bones: clacicles, scapula, humerus, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges hip bones, femur, tibia, patella, tarsals metatarsals |
| Classification of bones | flat, short, long and irregular |
| Compact bone | outer shell, hard or dense bone tissue |
| Body of bone | Shaft of bone, contains thicker layer of compact bone |
| Spongy bone | Cancellous bone, at both ends, highly porous and usually contains red bone marrow which produces red blood cells |
| Medullary cavity | hollow portion of bone. In adult's contains fatty yellow marrow. |
| periosteum | Covers bone except at the ends. |
| Hyaline cartilage | (glassy or clear) articulating surfaces are covered with. |
| intramembranous | bone replaces membranes |
| endochondral | bone replaces cartilage |
| diaphysis | primary center of ossification |
| epiphysis | secondary center of ossification |
| Classification of joints | synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis |
| Fibrous | syndesmosis, suture, gomphosis |
| cartilaginous | symphysis and synchondrosis |
| freely movable joints | synovial joints |
| Plane (gliding) | sliding or gliding (c1 on c2 vertebrae) |
| ginglymi (hinge) | flexion and extension (elbow joints) |
| trochoid (pivot) | Rotatinal (between C1 and C2 vertebrae) |
| Ellipsoid (condyloid) | abduction and adduction (ankle) |
| Sellar (saddle) | Flexion and extension (wrist joints) |
| Spheroidal (ball and socket) | Medial and lateral rotation (Hip and shoulder joints) |
| Bicondylar | Movement in one direction (knee) |
| Back half | Posterior or dorsal |
| front half | Anterior or ventral |
| Plantar | sole or posterior surface of the foot |
| Dorsal | Foot: top or anterior Hand: back or posterior |
| direction or path of the CR of the x-ray beam | Projection |
| A projection of the CR from posterior to anterior | Posteroanterior (PA projection) |
| Anteroposterior | A projection of CR from anterior to posterior (AP projection) |
| An AP/PA projection of the upper or lower limb that is rotated | AP/PA oblique projection |
| A lateral projection described by the path of the CR | Mediolateral or lateromedial projections |
| Supine | Lying on back, facing forward |
| Prone | lying on abdomen, facing downward |
| Erect | upright position |
| Recumbent | Lying down in any position (prone, supine or on side) |
| Tren-del-en-berg | a recumbent position, head lower than the feet |
| Fowler's | a recumbent position, head higher than the feet |
| Sim's position | a recumbent position, left anterior side |
| Lithotomy | a recumbent supine, knees and hips flexed |
| Refers to the side of, or a side view | Lateral position |
| Angled position in which neither the sagittal nor the coronal body plane is perpendicular or at a right angle to the IR | Oblique position |
| Specific oblique position in which the left or right posterior aspect of the body is closest to the IR | LPO left posterior oblique or RPO right posterior oblique |
| Oblique position in which the right or left anterior aspect of the body is closet to the IR | RAO right anterior oblique LAO left anterior oblique |
| Radiographic positioning that is always performed with the central ray horizontal. | Decubitus (decub) |
| Patient lies on the side, and the x-ray beam is directed horizontally form anterior to posterior (AP) or posterior to anterior (PA) | Right or left lateral decubitus |
| patient is lying on the dorsal surface with the x-ray beam directed horizontally, exiting from the side closest to the IR | Dorsal decutius position |
| patient is lying on the ventral surface with the x-ray beam directed horizontally, exiting from the side closest to the IR | Ventral decubitus position |
| touching a curve or surface at only one point | Tangential projection |
| Cephalad angle | angle toward the head end of the body |
| Caudad angle | angle toward the feet or away from the head |
| Ipsilateral | on the same side |
| Contralateral | on the opposite side |
| turn or bend the hand and wrist from the natural position toward the ulnar side | Ulnar deviation |
| toward the radial side of the wrist | radial deviation |
| lateral movement of the arm or leg away from the body | abduction |
| movement of arm or leg toward the body | adduction |
| radiographic image as seen form the vantage of the image receptor. | View |
| Support and protect many soft tissues of the body, produces red blood cells, and allows movement through interaction with the muscles to form a system of levers | Skeletal system |
| Prepare food for absorption by the cells through numerous physical & chemical processes, and eliminate solid wastes | Digestive system |
| Distribute oxygen and nutrients to the cells, carry cell waste & CO2 from the cells, protect against disease, and help reg. body temp | Circulatory system |
| Supplies O2 to the blood and eventually the cells, eliminates CO2 from the blood, and assists in reg. the acid-base balance in blood | Respiratory system |
| Regulates the chem. composition of the blood, eliminates many waste products, and reg. fluid & electrolyte balance and volume | Urinary system |
| Regulates body activities with electrical impulses that travel along various nerves | Nervous system |
| Allows movement, maintain posture, produces heat | Muscular system |
| To regulate bodily activities through the various hormones carried by the cardiovascular system | Endocrine system |
| Process of epiphyseal fusion of the long bones occurs progressively from the age of puberty to full maturity, which occurs at age of ______ | 25 |
| An image of a patient's anatomic part(s), as produced by the action of x-rays on an IR | Radiograph |
| The process and procedures of producing a radiograph | Radiography |
| Upright position with arms adducted, palms forward, and head and feet directed straight ahead | Anatomic position |
| The long axis of a structure or part | Axial projection |
| Why do you take a minimum of two projections (90 degrees from each other) | Superimposition of anatomic structures, localization of lesions or foreign bodies, and determination of alignment of fractures |
| Three projections are required when? | When the joint is in the prime interest area |
| How many projections are required for a postreduction upper and lower limbs | Two for checking fracture alignment |
| How many projections are required for a pelvis study | Only one unless a hip injury is suspected |
| Exams that require two projections | Forearm, humerus, femur, hips, Tib-fib, and chest |
| Accepted way to place a radiographic image for viewing | So that the patient is facing the viewer |
Created by:
Joker71
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