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Biology and Behavior
Vocabulary for Theme 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Central Nervous System | The brain and spinal cord. |
| Spinal Cord | Nerves that run up and down the length of the back and transmit most messages between the body and brain. |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Nerves branching out from the spinal cord. |
| Neurons | The long thin cells of nerve tissue along which messages travel to and from the brain. |
| Synapse | The gap that exists between individual nerve cells; the axon terminals of one and the dendrites of another. |
| Neurotransmitters | The chemicals released by neurons, which determine the rate at which other neurons fire. |
| Somatic Nervous System | The part of the peripheral nervous system that control voluntary movement of skeletal muscles. |
| Autonomic Nervous System | The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls internal biological functions. |
| Hindbrain | A part of the brain located at the rear base of the skull that is involved in the basic processes of life. |
| Midbrain | A small part of the brain above the pons [part of the hindbrain] that integrates sensory information and relays it upwards. |
| Forebrain | A part of the brain that covers the brain's central core. |
| Lobes | The different regions into which the cerebral cortex is divided. |
| Electroencephalograph [EEG] | A machine used to record the electrical activity of large portions of the brain. |
| Computerized Axial Tomography [CAT] | An imaging technique used to study the brain to pinpoint injuries and brain deterioration. |
| Positron Emission Tomography [PET] | An imaging technique used to see which brain areas are being activated while performing tasks. |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging [MRI] | An imaging technique used to study brain structure and activity. |
| Endocrine System | A chemical communication system by which messages [hormones] are sent through the bloodstream. |
| Hormones | Chemical substances that carry messages through the body in blood. |
| Pituitary Gland | The center of control of the endocrine system that secretes a large number of hormones. |
| Heredity | The genetic transmission of characteristics from parents to their offspring. |
| Identical Twins | Twins who come from one fertilized egg; have the same heredity. |
| Genes | The basic building blocks of heredity. |
| Fraternal Twins | Twins who come from two different eggs fertilized by two different sperm. |
Created by:
tderue
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