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Psy 100
Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Neurons | Cells in the nervous system that communicate with one another |
| Cell Body ( Soma) | The part of the neuron that coordinates information processing tasks and keep the cell alive |
| Dendrite | The part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons and relays it to the cell body |
| Axon | The part of a neuron that carries information to other neurons, muscles or glands |
| Myelin Sheath | An insulating layer of fatty material |
| Glial Cells | Support cells found in nervous system |
| Synapse | The junction or region between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites or cell body of another. |
| Sensory Nuerons | Receive information from the external world and convey this information to the brain via the spinal cord |
| Motor Neurons | Carry signals from the spinal cord to the muscles to produce movement |
| Interneurons | Connect sensory neurons, motor neurons, and other interneurons |
| Resting Potential | The difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a neurons's cell membrane |
| Action Potential | An electric signal that is conducted along a neuron's axon to a synapse |
| Refractory Period | The time following an action potential during which a new action potential cannot be initiated |
| Terminal Buttons | Knob like structures that branch out from an axon |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemicals that transmit information across the synapse to a receiving neuron's dendrites |
| Receptors | Parts of the cell membrane that receive the neurotransmitter and initiate or prevent a new electrical signal |
| Acetylcholine (ACh) | A neurotransmitter involved in a number of functions, including voluntary motor control |
| Dopamine | A neurotransmitter that regulates motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, and emotional arousal |
| Glutamate | The major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain |
| GABA (gamma - aminobutyric acid) | The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain |
| Norepinephrine | A neurotransmitter that is particularly involved in states of vigilance or heightened awareness of dangers in the environment |
| Serotonin | A neurotransmitter that is involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, and aggressive behavior |
| Endorphins | Chemicals that act within the pain pathway of the brain and emotion center of the brain |
| Agonists | Drugs that increase the action of a neurotransmitter |
| Antagonists | Drugs that block the function of a neurotransmitter |
Created by:
Jmenday
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