Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 6
DHS PS Ch. 6 - Thermal Energy (online course)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Related to the average kinetic energy of an object's atoms or molecules. | Temperature |
| The sum of the kinetic and potential energy of all the atoms in an object? | Thermal Energy |
| Thermal energy ________ as temperature increases. | increases |
| At constant temperature, thermal energy increases if ______ increases. | mass |
| Thermal energy that flows from something at a higher temperature to something at a lower temperature is called? | heat |
| The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a material by 1 degree C or K is called? | Specific heat |
| What is the formula for Change in Thermal Energy? | Q = m(Tf-Ti)C |
| When heat flows into an object and its temperature rises, the change in temperature is? | positive |
| When heat flows out of an object and its temperature decreases, the change in temperature is? | negative |
| What is used to measure specific heat? | calorimeter |
| How do temperature and heat differ? | Heat is thermal energy that flows from something warmer to something cooler; temperature is related to kinetic energy of atoms in a substance. |
| The transfer of thermal energy through matter by direct contact of particles is called? | Conduction |
| Kenetic energy is transferred as particles ______? | collide |
| Solids, particularly metals, are ______ heat conductors. | good |
| The transfer of energy by the motion of heated particles in a fluid is called? | Convection |
| Convection ______ transfer heat from warmer to cooler parts of a fluid. | currents |
| Convection currents create rain forests and ____ over different regions of Earth. | deserts |
| The energy transfer by electromagnetic waves is called? | Radiation |
| Some radiation is _______ and some is reflected when it strikes a material. | absorbed |
| Which color absorbs the most radiant energy? | black |
| Heat transfer by radiation is ______ in a gas than in a liquid or solid. | best or faster |
| Most living things control the flow of heat by using special features such as fur, _____ or scales. | blubber |
| A material that does not let heat flow through it easily is called a? | Insulator |
| Gases such as ____ usually make better insulators than liquids or solids. | air |
| A _______ layer in a thermos is a good insulator because it contains almost no matter to allow conduction or convection to happen. | vacuum |
| What state of matter generally makes a good heat conductor? | Solids are best, followed closely by liquids and gases are the worst. |
| What state of matter generally makes a good heat insulator? | Gases usually make better insulators than liquids or solids. |
| What type of systems warm homes and buildings? | heating |
| What type of heating system uses fuel to heat air, which is blown through ducts and vents; cool air is returned to the furnace to be reheated? | Forced-air system |
| What type of heating system used hot water or steam in a radiator that transfers thermal energy to the air? | Radiator system |
| What type of heating system uses electrically heated coils in ceilings or floors to heat air by conduction? | Electric heating system |
| What kind of energy is from the sun? | Solar or radiant |
| Solar heating that does not use mechanical devices to move heat is? | Passive |
| What do active solar heating systems use to absorb radiant energy, which is circulated through the building? | Solar Collectors |
| What type of engine converts thermal energy into mechanical energy? | Heat engine |
| What type of engine burns fuel inside the engine in chambers or cylinders? | Internal Combustion Engine |
| What percentage of fuel does an internal combustion engine convert from chemical energy to mechanical energy? | around 25% |
| What is the device that removes thermal energy from one location and transfers it to another location at a different temperature? | Heat mover |
| What appliance contants a coolant that absorbs heat from inside of the appliance and releases it on the outside as heat | refrigerator |
| This appliance cools warm air a home or building? | air conditioner |
| This applicance can both cool and warm air? | heat pump |
| The human body stays cool by ___________ of sweat. | evaporation |
| If the particles in an object begin to move more quickly, their average kinetic energy __________ and the object's temperature ___________. | increases, rises |
| What is the measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object? | temperature |
| The specific heat of a material is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of _______ of the material. | 1 kg, 1 degree C |
| The moving particles in an object have what kind of energy? | kinetic |
| ________ is the thermal energy that flows from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature. | heat |
| Thermal energy is the _________ of the particles in a material. | total energy |
| A material that reduces the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is _______? | an insulator |
| Convection will usually most likely occur in? | liquids and gases |
| The transfer of energy that does not require matter is? | radiation |
| Conduction will most likely occur in? | solids followed closely by liquids |
| The inside surface of a glass inside a vacuum bottle that is coated with aluminum to prevent heat loss by? | radiation |
| Describe the flow of heat if you put ice cubes in a warm glass of pop. | heat will travel from the warm pop to the cold ice |
| What is the method of heat transfer that is involved if someone is ironing clothing? | Conduction |
| If you were to design and build a home, where would you put the most insulation at? | Most in ceiling, followed by walls and then floor. |
| As particles move faster, they tend to be farther apart making the fluid less dense causing it to rise. Thes best describes with method of heat transfer? | convection |
| Energy from the Sun travels to Earth as? | radiant energy |
| Solar collectors are parts of an? | active solar heating system |
| Refrigerators and air conditioners are examples of? | heat movers |
| Gasoline engines and diesel engines are what type of engines? | internal combustion engines |
| A device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy is a? | heat engine |
| What is the sequence of strokes in a four-stroke engine? | intake, compression, power, exhaust |
| In a forced-air heating system, the main method of heat transfer would be? | convection |
| Which part of an engine converts thermal energy into mechanical energy? | piston |
| Which surface would absorb the most radiant energy? | dull, dark, surface |
| Which method of heat transfer best explains why heating one end of a steel rod will eventually cause the unheated end to become hot? | conduction |
| Solar collectors are parts of an? | active solar heating system |
| In internal combustion engine uses what kind of energy to do work? | heat |
| Mr. Smith takes a thermos bottle filled with hot coffee to work every day. The thermos bottle keeps the coffee hot by? | slowing heat transfer |
| In an air conditioner, a substance that easily evaporates and condenses is used to transfer energy from a room to the air outside. When the substance evaporates ..... | it absorbs energy as heat from the surrounding air |
| A snake rests on a warm rock in the sun. It's body is warmed by? | conduction and radiation |
| Energy as heat is transferred from a higher temperature to? | a lower temperature |
| The transfer of energy that does NOT require matter is? | radiation |
| Evaporation causes a ____ effect. | cooling |
| Steam engines are examples of __________ ? | external combustion engines. |
| A device that heats your home by removing thermal energy from one location and transferring it to antoher location at a different temperature is a? | heat mover |
| Which two phases of matter are considered to be fluids? | liquids and gases |
| What material will slow heat energy transfer from a warmer object to a cooler one? | insulation |
| The transfer of energy as heat caused by the collision of molecules is called? | conduction |
| The study of the relationship between heat, work, and thermal energy is called? | thermodynamics |
| Heat always transfers from a warmer object to a cooler object unless work is done is known as? | The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics |
| The process by which engine fuels burn is called? | combustion |
| A material that reduces the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is? | an insulator |
| As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases the? | temperature of the substance increases |
| When you feel a warm oven, the sensation of warmth is the result of? | energy transfer |
| Good ________ do not allow heat to move easily through them. | insulators |
| The amount of thermal energy gained by an object is equal to the work done on it as well as any heat that is added. | The 1st Law of Thermodynamics |
| If two objects have the same temperature, the one with the greater _____ will have more thermal energy. | mass |
| Mass is measured in ____ ? | kg |
| Two objects of the same mass are heated and then allowed to cool. Which object cools the fastest? | The one with the lesser specific heat. |
| What is the specific heat of water? | 4,184 J/kg K |
| What side of a house receives the most sun in the winter? | South |
| As matter is heated, it tends to _______ in size. | expand |
| Whenever a gas is compressed, its temperature ________ ? | increases |
| Whenever a gas or liquid is expanded, its temperature ________ ? | decreases |
| This a two-way heat mover | Heat pump |
| How thick is the arctic fur seal's coat? | 10 cm or 4 in |
| Hypothesize why dipping your finger in a cup of alcohol and a cup of water and then blowing causes one finger to feel cooler. | Alcohol has a lower boiling point causing a greater cooling effect. |
| The theoretical point at which the kinetic energy of particles is zero | Absolute zero |
| As matter is heated and particles move farther apart, the _______ ________ increases. | potential energy |
| The reason why water has such a high specific heat is because of the _____ _______ between its molecules. | strong bonds |
| The reason metals are such good conductors of heat is because their ______ can move freely between atoms. | electrons |
| Touching a hot surface is an example of ________ . | conduction |
| Smoke rising up from a fire is an example of ______ . | convection |
| Feeling heat from the sun is an example of ______ . | radiation |
| As matter cools, it becomes more _____ and sinks. | dense |
| This effect is caused by allowing radiant energy to enter a space (such as a car or planet), heat the matter inside, and then trap the heat inside. | The greenhouse effect |
| A refrigerator contains a _______ that is pumped through pipes on the inside and outside of the refrigerator. | coolant |
| How does a refrigerator do work? | It does work by compressing the gas |
| In a refrigerator, liquid coolant is pumped through an ______ _____ and changes the liquid to a gas and dramatically lowering the temperature. | expansion valve |
| ________ is known as the human coolant | Sweat |
| The average amount of solar energy that reaches our Earth is _____ time greater than our energy demands. | 600 |
| A lightning bolt heats the air in its path _ ______ greater than the surface of the sun. | 4 times |
| If you leave the front door open in the winter, you are doing what? | Letting the warm air out. |
Created by:
aubiefan
Popular Physical Science sets