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PScienceSM2-U1
Study stack for Physical Science Chapter 11 and 12
Term | Definition |
---|---|
frame of reference- | a system of objects that are not moving with respect to one another. |
relative motion,- | movement in relation to a frame of reference ex. people standing looking at train see people moving- people on train don't see self moving |
distance, | the length of a path between two points |
vector | a quantity that has magnitude and direction. Magnitude can be size, length, or amount |
resultant vector | the vector sum of two or more vectors |
speed -- | the ratio of the distance an object moves to the amount of time the object moves |
average speed | - is computed for the entire duration of a trip - average speed = total distance/total time |
instantaneous speed | is the rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time ex. speedometer speed driving down the street |
velocity, | the speed and direction in which an object is moving |
acceleration, | as changes in speed, changes in direction, or changes in both. |
free fall, | the movement of an object toward Earth solely because of gravity. |
constant acceleration, | The velocity of an object moving in a straight line changes at a constant rate when the object is experiencing constant acceleration. |
Force | a push or a pull that acts on an object |
Newton | the force that causes a 1-kilogram mass to accelerate at a rate of 1 meter per second each second |
Net Force | the overall force acting on an object after all the forces are combined. |
Friction | a force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other. |
Static Friction | is the friction force that acts on objects that are not moving. |
Sliding Friction | a force that opposes the direction of motion of an object as it slides over a surface. |
Rolling Friction | the friction force that acts on rolling objects |
Fluid Friction | opposes the motion of an object through a fluid |
Air Resistance | Fluid friction acting on an object moving through the air |
Gravity | a force that acts between any two masses. Gravity is an attractive force, that is, it pulls objects together |
terminal velocity | the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity. |
projectile motion | the motion of a falling object (projectile) after it is given an initial forward velocity. Air resistance and gravity are the only forces acting on a projectile. |
Inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion. |
Mass | is a measure of the inertia of an object and depends on the amount of matter the object contains. |
Weight | is the force of gravity acting on an object |
Momentum | the product of an object's mass and its velocity. |