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20 Electricity(Ch20)
Electricity - Ch. 20 Prentice Hall Science Explorer
| away from | The electric charge arrow always points ___ positive charges. |
| charge | Electric ____ is another names for electrons. |
| chemical | This is the energy stored in chemical bonds holding chemical compounds together. |
| electric circuit | a complete, unbroken path through which electric charges can flow |
| conduction | a method of charging an object by allowing electrons to flow by direct contact from one object to another object |
| current | Electric _____ is the continuous flow of electric charges through material that are conductors like metals. |
| distance | The strength of the electric field is related to the _____ from the charged object. |
| dry cell | A ____ is an electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is a paste. |
| electric field | is a region around a charged object where the object's electric force is exerted on other charged objects |
| electric force | In electricity, the _____ is the attraction and repulsion between electric charges. |
| electrochemical | Chemical reactions occur between the electrolytes and electrodes in ____ cell. These reactions cause one electrode to become negatively charged and the other electrode positively charged |
| electrolyte | A substance that conducts electric current is called ___. Volta used silver and zinc as electrodes and salt water as his _____. |
| electrons | When a negative charged object and a positively charged object are brought together, ___ transfer until bothobjects have the same charge. |
| energy | Electric charges need __ to flow. |
| exists alone | There is one important difference between electric charges and magnetic poles. Magnetic poles cannot ____ but electric charges can. |
| friction | Charging by ____ is the transfer of electrons from one uncharged object to another by rubbing. |
| induction | Charging by ____ is the movement of electrons from one part of an object to another part that is caused by the electric field of a second object and the objects are not touching. |
| insulator | Material that is ____ does not transfer electricity easily or well. |
| Parallel | A circuit in which there are two (pair) or more paths for the current to flow. Adding lights does not change the brightness. |
| Power | The rate at which energy is transformed from one form to another is known as ______. What? Exactly. |
| resistance | current depends on the ___ of the material it flows through and how difficult it is to flow through. The more difficult the ____, the the more difficult for the current to move through |
| Series | A circuit in which there is a Single path for the electric current to flow. Adding bulbs make them dimmer. |
| static discharge | The loss of static electricity as electrical charges transfer from one object to another is called _____. |
| static electricity | In ___ the charges build up on an object but they do not flow continuously. |
| towards | The electric charge arrow always points ____ the negative charge. |
| voltage | ____ causes a current in an electric circuit. You can think of this word as the amount of force pushing an electric current. |
| voltage source | A ____ is a device that creates potential difference in an electric circuit. Batteries and generators are examples. |
| work | The movement of electrons from one atom to another is a current because ___ is a force moving an object some distance. |
| Conservation of Charge | the law that states that charges are neither created nor destroyed but only transferred from one material to another. |
| conductor | a material through which charges can easily flow |
| electrode | The rod in a battery. One is often zinc and the other copper. The positive charges collect on one and the negative on the other. |
| terminal | a convenient attachment point used to connect a cell or a battery to a circuit |
| battery | a combination of two or more electrochemical cells in a series |
| wet cell | an electrochemical cell in which the electrolyte is a liquid |
| short circuit | a connection that allows current to take an unintended path |
| grounded | allowing charges to flow directly from the circuit into Earth in event of a short circuit |
| third prong | the round prong of a plug that connects any metal pieces in an appliance to the safety grounding wire of a building |
| fuse | a safety device with a thin metal strip that will melt if too much current passe through a circuit. A metalloid on the periodic table. |
| circuit breaker | a reusable safety switch that breaks the circuit when the current becomes too high |
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