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Drugs affecting ANS

Neurotransmitters, Adrenergic Receptors, Cholinergic Receptors, Alpha/Beta

QuestionAnswer
What are the 3 main ANS Neurotransmitters? Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine
What does acetycholine bind to? Cholinergic Receptors
What does presynaptic norepinephrine bind to? alpha-1 receptors
What does postsynaptic Norepinerphrine bind to? alpha-1, beta-1, beta-2 receptors
What does epinephrine bind to? adrenergic receptors
What are the two groups of Adrenergic Agonists Sympathomimetic Agents? catecholamines & non-catecholamines
Short duration of action, not effective orally, and does not cross the Blood Brain Barrier Catecholamines
Long duration of action, can be given orally, and crosses the Blood Brain Barrier Non-catecholamines
Stimulation of alpha-2 receptors: Vasoconstriction or vasodilation? What happens to peripheral resistance? B/P? Pupils? Bladder? Vasoconstriction increased peripheral resistance increased B/P pupil dilation closure of the internal sphincter of bladder
Blocking of alpha-1 receptors: Vasocontrictin or vasodilation? Peripheral resistance? B/P? Bladder? Vasodilation Decreased peripheral resistance Decreased B/P opening of the internal sphincter of the bladder
Simulatin of alpha-2 receptors: Norepinephrine? Sympathetic outflow from brain? Vasoconstriction or vasodilation? B/P? Decrease release of NE Reduces sympathetic outflow from brain Vasodilation Decreased B/P
Simulation of beta-1 receptors: Tachycardia or bradycardia? Myocardial contractability? Release of renin? Lipolysis? Tachycardia Increased myocardial contractablility Increased release of renin Increases lipolysis
Simulation of beta-2 receptors: Bronch? Vasoconstriction or vasodilation? Peripheral resistance? Liver/muscle glycolysis? Release of glucagon? Uterine smooth muscle? Skeletal muscle? Bronchodilation Vasodilation Decrease peripheral resistance Increased liver/muscle glycolysis Increase of glucagon Relaxation of uterine smooth muscle Skeletal muscle contraction
Makes heart beat stronger Inotropic
Timing of heart beat chronotropic
Velocity of conduction Dromotrope
Directly stimulates adrenergic receptors. Epinephrine
Used for anaphylaxis shock, cardiac emergencies, asthma, and glaucoma. Epinephrine
What are the common adverse effects of epinephrine? fatigue, sleep disturbances, tremor, weakness and dizziness
What is the most serious adverse effect of epinephrine? cardiovascular stimulation
How do you maximize therapeutic effects of epinephrine? monitor CV status closely
What is the pregnancy category for epinephrine? C
What is the prototype drug for alpha-2 adrenergic agonist? clonidine (Catapres)
What is the alpha adreneric antagonists prototype drug? prazosin (Minipress)
What is the beta adrenertic atagonist prototype drug? propranolol (Inderal)
What drug blocks postsynaptic alpha-1 adrenergic receptors? prazosin (Minipress)
What is prazosin (Minipress) used for? Refractory CHF, hypertension, Raynaud vasospasm, prostatic obstruction
What is the most serious side effect of prazosin (Minipress)? "First-dose syncope"
What are the most common side effects of prazosin (Minipress)? Light-headedness, dizziness, HA, drowsiness, weakness, lethargy, nausea, and palpitations
Created by: moestavern
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