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Psych 2650 Intro
Psych 2650
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of culture? | - Dynamic system of implict and explicit rules - Shared values, norms, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors, but often harbored differently by each unit of the group - Communicated across generations - Stable, but can change over time |
| What is cultural psychology? | - Intersection of socio-linguistics, anthroplogy and social psychology - scientific study of human variability - ethnic and cultural sources of psychological diversity - the mind is content drive, domain specific, and stimulus bound |
| Who was first cultural psychologist? a. Plato b. Aristotle c. Herodotus d. Pluto | c. Herodotus |
| Who equated primitive adults to modern children? a. Rush Limbaugh b. Schiller c. Linnaeus d. Darwin | b. Schiller |
| A culture-specific approach to cultural psychology is a. Etic b. Necessary c. Diffcult d. Emic | d. Emic |
| A general or universal approach to culture pscyhology is a. Emic b. Etic c. Interesting d. Invalid | b. Etic |
| Why must cultural psychologist be more disciplined in their research methods? | Avoid ethnocetrism and cultural bias of the investigaor |
| The cross-cultural study of memory skills, demonstrated: a. the emic method was superior b. the etic method was superior c. African memory isn't as good as Americans | a. Emic method was superior |
| Ecological Studies a. aggregate data across a country or geography b. measure impact on the ecology c. aggregate data across ethnicities | a. aggregate data across a country or geography |
| What are the key features of cross-cultural comparison? | - 2 or more cultures - examines variablity across one or more dimensions - hypothesis driven |
| When you measure whether a psychological construct is meaningful in other cultures? a. cross cultural comparison b. ecological study c. cultural unpackaging study d. cross-cultural validation | d. cross cultural validation |
| When you identify and understand the underlying variables that cause cultural differnces, you are doing a a. Cross cultural comparison b. Cultural unpackaging study c. Cross cultural validatiopn d. ecological study | b. cultural unpcackaging study |
| Matumoto and Friessen's study of emotional expression is a a. cross-cultural study b. cross-cultural validation c. cultural unpackaging study d. ecological study | c. cultural unpackaging |
| Mastumoto/Friessen study of public and private emotions is an example of what kind of study/ a. Cross-Cultural b. Cultural unpackaging study c. Ecological d. Cross-cultural validation | b.Cultural unpackaging study |
| Methodological equivalence is a. having methods exaclty the same for the study of two varying cultures b. having methods that are perceived in identical ways across cultures c. using equvialent statistical methods | b. having methods that are perceived in identical ways across cultures. |
| Which is not a problem of using university students as your primary sample in a cross-cultural study? a. generalizability b. power - detecting an effect c. comparing means of two cultures | c. comparing means of two cultures |
| What are some of the difficulties of using surveys in cross-cultural studies? | Translation Moderacy bias Extremity bias Acquiescence bias Standardizing data modifies the data set Reference group effects |
| What is the independent variable in cultural experiments? | Culture |
| What are the two kinds of manipulations in cultural experiments? | between groups (different levels of the independent variable, requires random assignmnet) and within groups (everyone receives all levels of the independent variable) |
| Occam's Razor states that a. The most elegant explanation is best b. The explanations with the fewest assumptions c. the most complex explanation is best | b. the simplest explanation with the fewest assumptions |
| What does Situation Sampling refer to? | a two step process with first step of participants of two or more cultures answer questions about experiences and a second step where participants are given situations from both cultures asked to describe how they would have felt |
| What are two ways to avoid bias in coding of data? a. Coders don't know the hypothesis b. Coders have no knowledge of the data c. Multiple coders code the same data d. Multiple coders code different data | A. coders don't know the hypothesis and C. multiple coders code the same data |
| The Nisbett & Cohen study of the culture of honor in the American South was an example of what kind of study? a. Cultural unpackaging b. Cross-cultural validation c. Cross-cultural comparison d. Ecological | a. Cultural unpackaging |
| Nisbett & Cohen did not use this type of research method: a. archival data b. situational sampling c. behavioral d. field study | b. situational sampling |
| Humans are different from animals in cultural learning except a. Rich theory of mind b. Imitative learning c. Complex grammar and syntax d. human cultures are cumulative and enjoy the ratchet effect | b. imitative learning |
| Which is not a theory of why humans are adept at cultural learning? a. encephalization quotient (big brain) b. social brain hypothesis c. neocortex ratio d. small brain theory | d. small brain theory |
| Which is not a way geography can affect culture? a. Proxmial and distal causes b. Theory of mind c. Evoked culture (response to conditions) d. Transmitted culture (from nearby groups) | b. Theory of mind |
| What are characteristics of replicators of ideas? | longevity, degree of fidelity, fecundity (memes) |
| Which is not true in the cultural reciprocity theory? a. when something is labeled culture it becomes culture b. Subjective aspects drive objective aspects c. We observe and call it culture d. It is discussed in the media | d. it is discussed in the media |
| What is Markus' theory of mutual constitution of culture and psyche? | Core culture ideas drive socio-psychological processes (customs, norms etc) which become part of individual reality that influence formation of psychological tendencies. |
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alstongardner
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