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Psych Quiz Memory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Memory | The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information |
| Encoding | the processing of information into the memory system; extracting meaning |
| Retrieval | getting information out of storage |
| Sensory Memory | the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information on the memory system |
| Short Term Memory | activated memory that holds a few items briefly |
| Long Term Memory | the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system; knowledge, skills, experiences |
| Working Memory | conscious, active processing of incoming information and retrieval from long-term memory |
| Implicit | retention independent of conscious recollection |
| Explicit Memory | memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and “declare” |
| Automatic Processing | unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings |
| Effortful Processing | encoding that requires attention and conscious effort |
| Serial Position effect | our tendency to recall the best the last and first items in a list |
| Next-in-Line Effect | when we are next-in-line to do something we forget the information right before our turn |
| Spacing Effect | distributed study yields better results than mass study (i.e. don’t cram) |
| Hierarchies | a way to organize information by subdividing main topics and more narrow concepts |
| Mnemonics | memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices |
| Chunking | organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically |
| Rehearsal | the conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage |
| Iconic Memory | momentary sensory of visual stimuli; a photographic ir picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second |
| Echoic Memory | a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3-4 seconds |
| Proactive Interference | the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information |
| Retroactive Interference | the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information |
Created by:
abigailjohnston
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