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McCrary Unit 14

States of Consciousness unit 18-19 year

QuestionAnswer
consciousness our awareness of ourselves and our environment
hypnosis a social interaction where one person(subject) responds to another person's(hypnosis) suggestions that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behavior will spontaneously occur
posthypnotic suggestion a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotizes, used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors
dissociation split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others
circadian rhythms the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms(for example, body temp and wakefulness) that occur on a 24 hour cycle
REM sleep rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams take place, also known as paradoxical sleep because the muscles are relaxes(except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active
alpha waves the relatively slow brain waves a relaxed, awake state
sleep periodic natural loss of consciousness-as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation
NREM-1 moment where awareness to the outside world is shut off, fantasmic images may occur, falling sensations(hypnagogic) etc. that may be incorporated into memory
hallucinations false sensory experiences, such as seeing something ins the absence of an external visual stimulus
NREM-2 usually lasts about 20 minutes, a more relaxed state of clear sleep with periodic sleep spindles- bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity
NREM-3 lasts about 30 minutes, very deep sleep hard to awaken someone from, (children wet the bed at end of this stage)
delta waves the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep
NREM sleep non rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep
suprachiasmatic nucleus a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm. In response to light the SCN causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, thus altering feelings of sleepiness
insomnia recurring problems in falling asleep or staying asleep
narcolepsy a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times
sleep apnea a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
night terrors a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 sleep, within 2-3 hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered
dream sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams often notable for hallcinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for dreamer's delusional acceptance of content and later difficulty remembering it
manifest content according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream(as differing from latent/hidden content)
latent content according to Freud the underlying meaning of a dream(as distinct from manifest content)
REM rebound the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)
substance abuse disorder continued substance use/craving despite significant life risk/disruption
psychoactive drug a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods
tolerance the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the desired effect
addiction compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors(such as gambling) despite known adverse consequences
withdrawl the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug behavior
depressants drugs such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates that reduce neural activity and slow bodily functions
Alcohol use disorder popularly known as alcoholism, Alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use
barbituates drugs that depress CNS activity; reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement
opiates opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety
stimulants drugs(such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, Ecstasy, and methamphetamines) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
nicotine a stimulating and highly addictive drug in tobacco
cocaine a powerful and addictive stimulant derives from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness and euphoria
methamphetamine a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates CNS, with speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduct baseline dopamine levels
ecstasy(MDMA) a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoric and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and long term harm to serotonin producing neurons and to lakdjxf and cognition
hallucinogens psychedelic "mind manifesting" drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
LSD a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid(lysergic acid diethyl amide)
near death experience an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death, (cardiac arrest) often similar to drug induced hallucinations
THC the major active ingredient in marijuana, triggers a variety of effects including mild hallucinations
Created by: abyrd6067
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