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Gait considerations

QuestionAnswer
Pelvis forward rotation ( transverse pelvic rotation) occurs in wich phase? And how many degrees? during swing phase, aproximately 4 degrees.
What is the high and low point of the lateral tilt of the pelvis during a gait? And it is controlled by wich muscles? at midstance- high pointperiod of double support- low point. Controled by hip abductors.
What are the phases of gait on STANCE PHASE? Heel Strike, Foot flat, Midstance, Heel off and toe off.
What are the phases of gait on SWING PHASE? Acceleration, Midswing and Deceleration.
Whats is cadence? And what is the average of steps per minute? the number of steps taken over a period of time.Avg 110-120 steps per min.
Common gait deviations: Stance phase. Lateral bending- weak gluteus medius
Bending on the same side of weakness:( Stance Phase) Trendelenburg gait.* Patients may experience hip pain.
Backward lean of the trunk:(Stance Phase) Usually caused by a weak gluteus maximus.* Pt will have difficulty goingup stairs or ramps.
STEP: Step lenght is the measured distance between the points of heel contact, of one extremity to the point of heel strike of opposite extremity.
Excessive hip flexion:(Stance Phase) Usually caused by weak hip extensors or tight hip or knee flexors.
Limited hip extension:(Stance Phase) tight or spatic hip flexors
Limited hip flexion: (Stance Phase) caused by: weak hip flexor or tight hip extensors.
Excessive knee flexion caused by:-SP weak quadriceps, pt has difficulty going down stairs or ramp; trunk may compensate by ncreasing forward bending. May hv difficulty with sit to stand.
Hyperextension of the knee caused by: weak quads, pl fl. contracture or extensor spasticity.
TOE FIRST-heel contact floor at heel strike. Result of- weak dorsal f, spatict ot tight plantar flexors, shortened leg lenght,painful heel or a positive support reflex.
FOOT SLAP the foot make floor contact with a audible slap; result of weak dorsal f. or hypotonia.
What are some FOOT SLAP -considerations? patient may compensate for this deficit by using a steppage gait (excessive hip and knee flexion)
What happen on floot flat? What the major cause od if? the entire foot contacts the ground at contact.weak dorsiflexors, limited ROM, or immature gait pattern ( neonatal)
What is a calacaneous gait? execessive dorsiflexion with uncontrolled forward motion o the tibia. This is result of WEAK PLANTARFLEXORS.
What is a EQUINUS GAIT? The heel doesnt touch the ground.
Equinus gait may be caused by what? spasticity or contracture of the plantarflexors.
Supination gait is... execessive lateral contact of foot during stance with VARUS position of CALCANEUS.
What are the possibles causes of supination GAIT? Weak spatic invertors, weak evertors, pes varus, genu varum
Pronation is .... excessive medial contact of foot during stance phase, with VALGUS position of CALCANEUS.
What are possibles causes od pronation GAIT? weak invertors, pes planus, genu valgum and spaticity.
What is Toes Claw? the result of spatic toe flexors, possibilty a hyperactice plantar grasp reflex.
What are the major causes of INADEQUATE PUSH OFF? weak plantar flexors, decreased ROM, or pain in the forefoot/toe.
What are the commmon Gait Deviations Swing phase? ( Trunk and Hip)- 7 Insufficient foward pelvic rotation (eg. stroke), Insuff. hip and knee flexion, circundation, Hip Hiking, Steppage gait( execessive hip and knee flexion), Abnormal synergistic, Vaulting.
What are the commmon Gait Deviations Swing phase?( Knee) -2 Insuff. knee flexion, Excessive knee flexion.
What are the commmon Gait Deviations Swing phase?(Ankle and foot) -3 foot drop(equinus), Varus or innevated foot and equinus varus
What is vaulting in a gait? swing leg is able to advance trough the combination of elevation of the pelvis and plantar flexion of the stance limb.
Created by: 161801576
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