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Endocrine
Question | Answer |
---|---|
fludrocortisone | mineralocorticoids adrenocorticol insufficiency Monitor levels for appropriate dosing *Excess= increased weight, fluid retention, increased b/p, hypokalemia *Inadequate= weight loss, poor appetite, fatigue, muscle weakness hypotension |
glipizide | sulfonylureas Diabetes Mellitus 2 *mild hypoglycemia*Nausea diarrhea* |
repaglinide | meglitinides Diabetes Mellitus 2 *hypoglycemia*Nausea, Vomiting* |
metformin | biguanides Diabetes Mellitus 2 (Preferred drug, newly diagnosed) *Nausea, diarrhea* Vit b12 & folic acid deficiency* Lactic acidosis* |
pioglitazone | thiazolidinedione Diabetes Mellitus 2 can be taken with or without insulin/metformin *fluid retention*hepatoxicity*Increased lipid levels* |
acarbase | alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Diabetes Mellitus 2 *abd distention, flatus, hyperactive bowel sounds, diarrhea* Liver dysfunction*Anemia* |
sitagliptin | gliptins Diabetes Mellitus 2 *upper resp tract infections, inflammed nasal passages*Pancreatitis* |
lispro (Humalog) aspart (novalog) glulisine (apidra) | Rapid-Acting insulin |
humalin-R regular | short-acting insulin |
NPH | intermediate insulin |
glargine (Lantus) detemir (levemir) | Long acting insulin |
pramlintide | amylin mimetics type 1 DM, and type 2 insulin or oral hypoglycemic drug supplement *do not mix with insulin* *peak 20 min after dosing* |
exenatide | incretin mimetics Type 2 DM supplement to sulfonylureas or metformin *peak is 2h after dosing* |
glucagon | hyperglycemic Treats insulin induced hpoglycemia IV 50% glucose Parenteral glucagon Give IV,IM,SUBQ, provide food after consciousness |
levothyroxine | thyroid replacement hypothyroidism *give 1st thing in AM on empty stomach* |
proplythiouracil | antithyroid hyperthyroidism (graves disease) thyroid storm *rash, headache* |