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Personality
Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abraham Maslow | humanist, proposed hierarchy needs, believed ultimate need was self actualization |
| Agreeableness | are kind and sympathetic to others; those low are cruel and non trusting. |
| Albert Bandura | personality determined by observational learning |
| Alfred Adler | early friend of Freud, Inferiority Complex |
| Archetypes | common themes |
| B.F Skinner | behaviorist |
| Behaviorism | theories are based on rewards and punishments |
| Big 5 | Extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience and emotional stability |
| Cardinal Trait | trait so strong that the person identified with(Gordon Allport) |
| Carl Jung | ex friend’s with Freud, Collective Unconscious, Archetypes |
| Carl Rogers | continued Maslow’s Humanistic belief that human nature is positive(Self, Positive regard, Conditions of worth, Unconditional positive regard, Fully functioning) |
| Collective Unconscious | an unconscious shared with entire human species |
| CONSCIENTIOUSNESS | high in this trait are neat, organized, and responsible; those low are messier and less organized. |
| Conscious | thoughts currently going on in your mind |
| CONTINGENCIES OF REINFORCEMENT | book by B.F Skinner or used to enforce the notion that there is some type of consequence for both good and bad behaviors. The consequence is dependent on whether the person providing the reinforcement wants the behavior to stop or to continue |
| Defense Mechanisms | prevent ego from being overwhelmed by Id |
| Denial | refusing to accept reality |
| Displacement | taking frustration out on a weaker source |
| Ego | in the middle of satisfying both urges(Id and Superego) |
| Emotional Stability | high in this trait are steady in their moods and do not experience a lot of anxiety in their lives, low are neurostic |
| External Locus | outside forces control us (anxiety) |
| Extraversion | those high in extraversion are friendly and outgoing; those low in extraversion (called introverts) are shy and reserved |
| Factor Analysis | a statistical method used to describe variability among observed |
| Fully Functioning | your self will match your true personality |
| Humanism | theories on developing ones full potential |
| Id | pleasure and immediate gratification |
| Inferiority Complex | desire to overcome feelings of not being good enough(Alfred Adler) |
| Internal locus | you have complete control over your life |
| Introversion | shy and reserved |
| Locus of Control | how much we believe we have control over our lives |
| Neuroticism | opposite of emotional stability |
| Observational Learning | following the behavior of models |
| Openness to experience | high in this trait are willing to try new things. |
| Personality | a person’s characteristics that are consistent, enduring and unique |
| Positive Regard | need for approval |
| Preconscious | things that can easily be recalled from our mind |
| Projection | transferring your true feelings on others |
| Rationalization | acceptable excuse for behavior |
| Reaction Formation | replace an unacceptable feeling with the opposite one |
| Regression | acting in an immature way that may have worked in the past |
| Repression | pushing thoughts into unconscious |
| Self | based on interactions with others |
| Self actualization | developing into one’s full potential |
| Self efficacy | belief of whether or not we can succeed |
| Sigmund freud | childhood critical, first to characterize human life in series of conflicts |
| Sublimation | channeling Id desires into socially acceptable ways (ex.Gym) |
| Superego | based on morals and values in society |
| Trait | specific aspect of personality that is stable over time |
| Unconditional positive regard | no matter what you do people will accept you |
| Unconscious | thoughts deep in our mind |
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