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TLHS Phy Sci #5

Chemical Reactions & Solutions

TermDefinition
balanced chemical equation same number of each element on each side of the equation
chemical equation way to describe a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and other symbols
chemical reaction change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances
coefficient number in front of a chemical formula that represents how many of that compound is involved in the reaction
products the substance(s) at the end of a reaction
reactants the substance(s) at the beginning of a reaction
combustion reaction substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light
decomposition reaction one substance breaks down into two or more new substances
double-displacement reaction two positive ions - in different compounds - switch places to form two new compounds
precipitate an insoluble compound that comes out of a solution, a solid that forms from the reaction between two liquids
single-displacement reaction one element replaces another element in a compound, also called single replacement
synthesis reaction two or more substances combine to form one new substance
endothermic reaction chemical reaction that absorbs thermal energy (feels cold)
exothermic reaction chemical reaction that releases energy as thermal energy (feels hot)
catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction without being added to the reactions
equilibrium forward and reverse reactions are happening at equal rates
collision model atoms, ions, and molecules must collide in order to react
inhibitor slow down reaction rates or prevent a reaction from happening
reaction rate rate that reactants turn into products
reversible reaction a reaction that can occur in both directions
Concentration amount of substance in the chemical reaction (reactant or product)
Surface Area number of surfaces available for reactions
Step 1 for Balancing Equations Write the unbalanced equation
Step 2 for Balancing Equations Count the total number of each element on both sides of the arrow
Step 3 for Balancing Equations Add coefficients in front of the compound that contains more of the missing element(s)
Step 4 for Balancing Equations Recount the number of each element for the compound you changed the coefficient of
Step 5 for Balancing Equations Keep going until each element on each side of the arrow has the same amount of that element.
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