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Module 25
AP Psychology notes and review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Substance Use Disorder | Continued substance craving & use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk |
| Psychoactive Drug | A chemical substance that alters perceptions & moods |
| Tolerance | The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect |
| Neuroadaptation | The users brain chemistry adapts to off set eh drugs effect |
| Addiction | Compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors (such as gambling) despite known adverse consequences |
| Withdrawal | The discomfort & distress that dollop discontinuing a n addictive drug or behavior |
| Depressants | Drugs that reduce neural activity & slow body functions Ex- alcohol, barbiturates, & opiates |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | Alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal & a drive to continue problematic use |
| Barbiturates | Drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety, but impairing memory & judgment |
| Opiates | Opium & its derivatives, such as morphine & heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain & anxiety |
| Stimulants | Drugs that excite neural activity & speed up body functions |
| Amphetamines | Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions & associated energy & mood changes |
| Nicotine | A stimulating & highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco |
| Cocaine | A powerful & addictive stimulant, derived from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness & euphoria |
| Methamphetamine | A powerful addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system , with speeded-up body functions & associated energy & mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels |
| Ecstasy (MDMA) | A synthetic stimulant & mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria & social intimacy, but with short-term health risks & longer-term harm to serotonin- producing neurons & to mood & cognition |
| Hallucinogens | Psychedelic ("mind-manifesting) drugs, such as LSD that distort perceptions & evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input |
| LSD | A powerful hallucinogen, also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide) |
| Near-Death Experience | An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death Ex-cardiac arrest similar to drug-induced hallucinations) |
| THC | The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations |
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