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Neuro 10.14.09
Older Population
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| amount of blood ejected from ventricles | |
| Venous Return | amount of blood returned to right atrium |
| Blood Volume | blood in body (~8% wt), 30 cm/sec (20 minutes to circulate thru body) |
| Arrhythmia | Irregular beat pattern, fluttering, throbbing, lightheaded, SOB, dizzy |
| Cardiac Ischemia | Decrease blood supply, tightness/pain in chest, jaw, arm, back (left>right), nausea, heartburn (GERD) |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Clotting common in LE (redness, swelling, warmth) |
| how to test for DVT? | Homan's sign, pressure on calf, w/ or w/o putting into dorsiflexion creates pain + for DVT |
| Embolis | break & travel |
| If someone has signs of rapid breathing, SOB, chest pain - could be? | pulmonary embolus |
| Congestive Heart failure | decreased ventricular function = not meeting body's metabolic needs |
| patient has SOB, edema, dizzieness/lightheaded, distension, fatigue, anxiety, S3 sound in chest (ventricular gallop)....sign of? | Congestive heart value (CHF) |
| Hypertension | Elevated arterial BP, systole and diastole |
| normal BP for infant | 90/60 |
| normal BP for children | 120/80 |
| normal BP or adults | 140/90 |
| before therapy w/every patient you should? | take vitals |
| COPD | Emphysema, Bronchitis, Asthma |
| emphysema | decreased elasticity & air exchange |
| bronchitis | inflammation of mucous membranes |
| asthma | inflammatory & spastic response of airways |
| patient is barrel chested, accessory breathing, SOB, pain, presents as? | Emphysema |
| patient presents with cough, decreased PO2.....could have? | bronchitis |
| patient presents with wheezing, coughing, SOB | Asthma |
| be sure the patient has with them _____if they have asthma. | inhaler if putting on any cardio equipment |
| patient assessment by auscultation | listening - with a stethoscope, heart rhythm, wheezing, rales |
| Assess a patient w/percussion drainage | tapping chest or lung area to help clear lungs |
| Assess a patient w/palpation | check for tenderness, HR, RR |
| Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) | narrowing or blockage @ the periphery, inc w/activity causing inc in pain |
| assess a patient by observation | cyanosis, edema, posture (thorax & abdomen), accessory breathing |
| what does ECG/BP test? | stress while on a treadmill, UBE or IV |
| what does MET measure? | energy cost of a physical activity |
| How does diaphragmatic breathing help? | push out air from inside "big ring of muscle" |
| how can we help patient w/incontenance? | strengthen pelvic floor, keegles |
| what breathing technique to help relax? | PLB, pursed lip breathing |
| Swing phase of gait is? | initial swing, midswing, terminal swing |
| stance phase of gait is? | initial contact (heel strike), loading response, midstance, terminal stance, pre-swing |
| what ROM required for Ankle DF? | 10 degrees |
| ROM PF for gait? | 20 degrees |
| what knee ROM needed for proper gait? | Flexion 60 degrees, extension 0 degrees |
| What hip ROM for proper gait? | flexion 30 degrees, extension 10 degrees, trunk/pelvis rotation ~ 5 degrees |
| what is normal temp for older person? | 96.5 - 97.5 |
| Orthostatic hypertension | can occur w/aging or neurologic pathology, venous pooling w/prolonged supine, return compromised w/position change |
| Valsalva | forced exhalatoin against closed glottis (nose & mouth shut off), causes decrease in BP followed by an "overshoot" post release (spike in HR & BP) & then an autonomic response |
| person is agitated, mild memory loss, signs of? | Alzheimer's |
| person having progressive memory loss, "tip of the tongue" moments more often, sign of? | Dementia |
| patient presents w/sensory chgs, pain, weak, fatigue, spasticity, balance & coordination problems, speech problems, cognition, integumentary, emotional, bowel/bladder | MS |
| patient presents w/sensory, motor, weaknessautonomic, cranial nerve issues, acute onset, plateau quickly to bed rest | Guillain Barre |
| how to treat Guillain Barre? | maintain ROM, careful of skin, don't fatigue, functional, endurance, balance, gait, strength |
| patient fasciculations, depressed reflexes, bulbar involvement, dysarthia, lability, dysphagia, spasticity, fatigue, cramps | ALS |
| dysarthria | difficulty articulating words |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| ROM needed for gait, DF, PF, Knee, Hip | DF 10......PF 20.....Knee flex 60......Hip flex 30.......Hip ext 10 |
Created by:
djbari
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