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8th grade Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | the substance that is seen all around us, consists of anything that has mass and volume. |
| Element | a substance composed of atoms having an identical number of protons in each nucleus. Elements cannot be reduced to simpler substances by normal chemical means. |
| Compound | a pure, homogeneous substance consisting of atoms or ions of two or more different elements in definite proportions that cannot be separated by physical means. A compound usually has properties unlike those of its constituent elements. |
| Mixture | a composition of two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and are capable being separated. |
| Pure substance | a sample of matter, either an element or a compound, that consists of only one component with definite physical and chemical properties and a definite composition. |
| Chemical change | a process where bonds are broken and new bonds are formed between different atoms. |
| Physical change | a usually reversible change in the physical properties of a substance, as size or shape. |
| Gas | a substance having no definite shape and no definite volume. The molecules are spread out and free to move. |
| Liquid | a substance having a definite volume, but no definite shape. The intermolecular forces hold these atoms or molecules loosely together but do not force them into a rigid structure allowing liquids the ability to flow. |
| solid | a substance having a definite shape and definite volume. The atoms or molecules are held in rigid structure. Although they are free to vibrate, they cannot move around. |
| Plasma | gases that have been so energized that their atoms have been stripped of some or all electrons. |
| Pressure | the force exerted on a surface per unit area. |
| Volume | the amount of space that a substance or object occupies. |
| Density | the ratio of the object's mass to its volume. The formula is d = m / V. |
| Chemical property | a characteristic of a substance that can be observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed. |
| Physical property | a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance |
| Melting | a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid. |
| Freezing | physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a liquid to a solid. |
| Condensation | physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a gas to a liquid. |
| Vaporization | physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a liquid to a gas. |
| Sublimation | a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid directly to a gas without first becoming a liquid. |
| Deposition | a physical process that results in a phase transition of a substance from a gas directly to a solid without first becoming a liquid. It is the opposite of sublimation. |
Created by:
Karinat.18
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