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AP Eng 3 Terms #1
AP Terminology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
allusion | a direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, myth, book, place, historical figure, or work of art |
anaphora | rhetorical device, the repetition of introductory words or phrases for effect |
apology | a written or spoken defense |
attitude (tone) | the author's or speaker's feelings toward the subject |
audience | the intended receiver(s) for a speaker's or writer's message |
diction | a speaker's or writer's choice of words: can be formal, informal, colloquial, poetic, plain, abstract, concrete, etc.; has strong effect on writer's tone |
parallelism/parallel structure | the repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures ex. "government of the people, by the people, for the people." (Abraham Lincoln) |
persuasive devices | devices used in the writing mode of persuasion; strong connotations, repetition, order of intensity from lesser to greater, 3 appeals-the logic of the argument (logos), emotional appeals (pathos), character and ethics of the speaker or writer (ethos) |
repetition | repeated word, sound, phrase, idea; a common persuasive device used for emphasis, pay attention because the author is trying to tell you something |
rhetoric | the art of using words effectively in speaking or writing; the use of devices to persuade |
rhetorical features/devices/strategies | all of the elements of style and persuasion used to effectively use words; ex's., diction, detail, figurative language, imagery, appeals to logic, emotion, of ethics, etc. |
rhetorical shift | changing from one tone , attitude, or distance to another; words which may signal a shift are "but, however, even though, yet, although, etc." |
simile | figure of speech, a comparison between two unlike things using a word such as "like" or "as" in the comparison |
stylistic devices | elements a writer may employ to persuade, narrate or explain effectively; tone, syntax, figures of speech, repetition, diction, connotative language, etc. |
theme | the central idea of a story or essay |
thesis | an attitude or position taken by a speaker or writer, a statement to be proved or to be maintained again objections. Ex. Dostoevsky's thesis was that Nietzsche (who said that God is dead) and Hegel were totally wrong |
tone | manner of speaking or writing, an author's attitude toward his/her material, the audience, or both |
metaphor | a comparison between two unlike things; you are stating one thing is the same of the other. |