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CHAPTER 7
PSYC 100
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| learning | a change in thought or behavior resulting from experience. |
| stimulus | anything in the environment to which an organism might react. |
| response | any behavior resulting from stimulus. |
| habituation | simplest form of learning |
| UCS | causes a reflex (food) |
| UCR | the (normal) reflex (salivate to food) |
| CS | a new thing that predicts (UCS) (bell) |
| CR | reflex to new thing (salivate to bell) |
| Extinction | disappearance of the CR, when CS is no longer paired with UCS |
| Spontaneous recovery | the return of the CR after a delay. |
| Stimulus generalization | when stimuli like the CS elicit a CR |
| Stimulus discrimination | when stimuli like the CS do not elicit a CR |
| Operant Conditioning | Acquiring behaviors as a result of the outcome or consequences of those behaviors |
| Thorndike's law of effect | If a response, in the presence of a stimulus, is followed by a satisfying state of affairs, the bond between stimulus and response will be strengthened. |
| Operant learning | involves an association between a stimulus and response, with the reward stamping in this connection |
| B.F Skinner | famous behaviorist (Skinner Box) |
| Positive reinforcement | pleasant stimulus is given to increase behavior. |
| Negative reinforcement | unpleasant stimulus is removed to increase a behavior. |
| positive punishment | unpleasant stimulus is given to decrease a behavior. |
| negative punishment | pleasant stimulus is removed to decrease a behavior. |
| partial reinforcement | reinforcing behaviors occasionally, rather than always. |
| schedules of partial reinforcement | Fixed ratio, fixed interval, variable ratio, variable interval |