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Organelle Review
Honors Bio::Hansen
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Prokaryotes | - Have a cell membrane - Ribosomes - Cytoplasm - DNA - No nuclei - DNA is free-floating in cell - Single celled organisms (Bacteria and Archaebacteria) - No membrane bound organelles - Smaller in size - Simple |
Eukaryotes | - Have a cell membrane - Ribosomes - Cytoplasm - DNA - Nuclei - DNA held in nuclei - Some single celled some multiple (Plant, animal, fungi and protist) - Membrane bound organelles - Larger in size - Complex |
Cell (Plasma) Membrane | - Regulates what goes in and out of a cell- - Semi-permeable |
Cytoplasm | Gel like fluid that allows cell structures to communicate with each other |
Ribosome | - Synthesizes proteins - Can be free or attached |
Cell Wall | - Provides protection and support - Makes the cell rigid |
Nucleus | - Control center of the cell giving directions on how the cell should be run - Holds DNA (Codes for proteins) - Nucleolus (Makes ribosomes) |
Mitochondria | Responsible for cellular respiration O2+C6H12O6→ CO2+H2O+ATP |
Chloroplast | Responsible for doing photosynthesis CO2+H2O+ Light energy→ O2+C6H12O6 |
Vacuole | - Storage for mainly waste products but also food, water, gases, and nutrients - Smaller, temporary vacuoles in animal cells - Larger, permanent vacuoles in plant cells |
Golgi Bodies (Apparatuses) | Modifies, sorts, packages and gets material ready to be shipped |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | - Assembles cell membranes and exports protein and other molecules - Rough ER has attached ribosomes - Smooth ER had no ribosomes |
Lysosome | Responsible for intracellular digestion. |
Centriole | Found in animal cells and is important for cell division |
Vesicle | Carries molecules to the Golgi bodies for modification through the cytoplasm and then out of the cell through the cell membrane |