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RADT425
Chapter 3 - Chest
Question | Answer |
---|---|
How must the patient and CR be positioned for a PA chest projection to obtain the most accurate assessment of air-fluid levels in the thorax? | upright patient and horizontal CR |
The ________dimension of the thorax expands the most during inspiration. | vertical |
What situations that could prevent full lung expansion during the taking of chest projections? | disease process, advanced pregnancy, excessive obesity, a slouching patient, confining clothing |
What body type requires the computed radiography IR to be placed crosswise when a PA chest projection is taken? | hypersthenic |
Describe the lung shape of a hypersthenic patient | short & wide |
What body types will require the exposure field to be open more in the lengthwise dimension when a PA chest projection is taken? | asthenic & hyposthenic |
Describe the lung shape of asthenic & hyposthenic patients | long & narrow |
The level at which the manubrium is visible on the vertebral column and the amount of apical lung field demonstrated above the clavicles are determined by the tilt of the patient's ____________plane. | midcoronal |
When the midcoronal plane is vertical, the manubrium will be at the level of the ______thoracic vertebrae and approximately _________ of the apices will be demonstrated above the clavicles. | 4th, 1 inch |
List 2 patient conditions that may indicate the need for an expiration chest projection. | pneumothorax, foreign body |
On an expiration PA chest projection, the diaphragm will be positioned (higher/lower), less than _____posterior ribs will be demonstrated above the diaphragm and the heart shadow will appear __________&_____________. | higher, 10, broader, shorter |
For an accurately positioned PA chest projection, a(n)_____________CR is centered to the ____________plane at a level approximately 7.5 inches inferior to the _________ ___________. | horizontal, midsagittal, vertebral prominens |
On a mispositioned PA cxr, the right scapula is demonstrated in the lung field. What is wrong with the patient's positioning to create this error? | the right elbow & shoulder were not rotated anteriorly |
On a mispositioned PA cxr, the clavicles are not positioned on the same horizontal plane. The lateral clavicular ends are elevated. The manubrium is at the same level as the 4th thoracic vertebrae. What is wrong with this patient's positioning? | the shoulders were not depressed |
Which side of the thorax will demonstrate the greatest magnification when a lateral chest projection is taken? | right |
Which side of the chest cavity contains most of the heart? | left |
Which lung & diaphragm are situated higher on patients? | right |
Is a right or left lateral chest projection better for evaluating the heart? | left |
How is the patient positioned for a lateral chest projection to prevent the humeral soft tissue from being superimposed over the anterior lung apices? | position the humeri vertically |
Which thoracic vertebrae has the last rib attached to it? | 12th |
To accurately center the chest on a lateral chest projection, the CR is centered to the _________plane at a level 8.5 inches _____________to the vertebral prominens. | midcoronal, inferior |
On a mispositioned lateral cxr, the humeri soft tissue shadows are superimposed over the anterior lung apices. What is wrong with the patient's positioning? | the patient's humeri were not positioned vertically |
On a mispositioned lateral cxr, the posterior ribs are separated by more than 0.5 inch and the superior heart shadow is seen extending beyond the sternum into the anteriorly situated lung. What is wrong with this patient's position? | the left thorax was not rotated anteriorly |
Why is it safe to position the computed radiography IR crosswise for almost all mobile AP chest projections on most body types? | the vertical dimension does not fully expand in the recumbent/seated position |
When the patient's condition allows, the shoulders should be depressed for an AP chest projection. How can this movement be identified on the projection? | clavicles will be seen on the same horizontal plane |
Accurate centering on an AP chest projection is accomplished by centering the CR to the ___________plane at a level ___inches inferior to the_______ __________. | midsagittal, 4, jugular notch |
The AP/PA (decubitus) projection is primarily performed to confirm the presence of ____ or ______ levels withing the pleural cavity. | air or fluid |
To avoid rotation on AP/PA (decubitus) chest projections, align the patient's _______ ____, __________ &_ _ _ _s perpendicular to the cart | posterior ribs, shoulders, ASIS |
The lateral scapular borders are situated outside the lung field when the arms are positioned__________________. | above the patient's head |
Chest foreshortening can be avoided on an AP/PA (decubitus) chest projection by positioning the _______________plane (perpendicular/parallel) to the IR. | midcoronal, parallel |
The AP axial chest projection is taken to visualize the __________. | lung apices |
An accurately centered AP axial chest projection is accomplished by centering the CR to the _____________plane halfway between the ___________&__________. | midsagittal, manubrium, xiphoid |
What body plane is used to determine if the patient has been adequately rotated for an oblique chest projection? | midcoronal |
Which side of the thorax will be best demonstrated on a right AP oblique (RPO) chest projection? | right |
The right oblique chest projection (RPO) corresponds with what PA oblique projection? | LAO |
A PA oblique chest projection with accurate centering is accomplished by centering the CR at a level 7.5 inches inferior to the ________ ________. | vertebral prominens |
What type of distortion is demonstrated when AP neonatal or infant chest projections demonstrate an excessively lordotic appearance? | shape |
To avoid chest rotation on lateral neonatal and infant chest projections, align am imaginary line connecting the shoulders, the posterior ribs and the ASISs______________to the IR. | perpendicular |