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9Sci CH21
9th Science CH21 Electricity
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| circuit | a closed path through which electrons (electricity) flow |
| conductor | a material that allows electrons to move easily through it |
| current | the flow of electrons through a wire or any conductor; measured in amperes (A) with an ammeter |
| dry cell | a power source that acts as an electron pump and generates electrical current by a chemical reaction; “dry” because it uses a thick, pasty electrolyte |
| electric field | any area surrounding an electron that exerts a force on anything nearby with an electric charge; is strongest nearest the electron and weakens with distance |
| electrical power | the rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy; electrical power is expressed in watts (W) or kilowatts (kW) |
| electroscope | a device containing two suspended metal leaves in a jar that move apart when charged; used to detect the presence of electrical charges |
| insulator | a material that does not allow heat or electrons to move through it easily |
| kilowatt-hour | the unit of electrical energy; 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh)=1000 watts (W) of power used for one hour |
| Ohm’s law | states that potential difference=current x resistance, or V (volts) = I (amperes) x R (ohms) |
| parallel circuit | an electrical circuit where the current flows through more than one path; if one path is interrupted, current will still flow through the other paths |
| potential difference | the difference in electric potential energy between two different points; measured in volts (V) |
| resistance | the opposition to the flow of electrons through a conductor; measured in ohms |
| series circuit | an electrical circuit where the current has only one path; if one path is interrupted in any point, it stops current flow in the entire circuit |
| static electricity | the net buildup of electric charges of an object |
| wet cell | a power source that generates electric current by a chemical reaction; “wet” because it uses a liquid electrolyte |
Created by:
djhockett5
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