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9Sci CH20
9th science CH20 Mirrors and Lenses
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| coherent light | a beam of light in which all the electromagnetic waves travel with the crests and troughs aligned; thus the beam does not spread out |
| concave lens | lenses that are thinner in the middle and thicker at the edges and thus curve inward; form virtual, upright, smaller images of an object |
| concave mirror | a mirror whose surface curves inward produces real images |
| convex lens | lenses that are thicker in the middle than the edges; can produce both real and virtual images |
| convex mirror | a mirror with a surface that curves outward; produces smaller, virtual images of an object |
| focal length | the distance from the center of a lens or mirror to its focal point |
| focal point | a point on the optical axis of a concave mirror or convex lens where the light rays come together |
| incoherent light | light rays that are nearly parallel, but spread out because their electromagnetic waves do not travel in the same direction; crests and troughs do not coincide |
| laser | a device that emits a beam of photons that travel in the same direction and phase, producing a beam of coherent light |
| microscope | an optical instrument that uses two convex lenses with relatively short focal lengths to magnify small, close-up objects |
| optical fiber | transparent glass fiber that can transmit light from one place to another |
| plane mirror | a mirror with a flat surface that produces a virtual image |
| polarized light | light in which the transverse waves vibrate only along one plane |
| real image | an image produced when light rays converge, as with a concave mirror or convex len; a real image is real, enlarged, upside-down, and can be projected only a screen |
| reflecting telescope | an optical instrument that uses a concave mirror, a plane mirror, and a convex lens to magnify distant objects |
| refracting telescope | an optical instrument that uses two convex lenses to magnify distant objects |
| telephoto lens | a lens having a long focal length and producing an enlarged, close-up image of an object |
| total internal reflection | occurs when all the light striking a surface between two materials is reflected totally back into the first material |
| virtual image | an image formed of diverging light rays, as in a plane or convex mirror, or seen through a concave lens; a virtual image can’t be projected onto a screen |
| wide-angle lens | a lens with a short focal length that produces a relatively small image of an object, but includes much of the object’s surroundings |
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djhockett5
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