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Chapter 37

Special Consideration for Pediatric and Geriatrics

TermDefinition
neonate a child from birth to one month of age
infant a child between the ages of one month and two years
pharmscokinetics the study of the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs
absorption the process by which a drug enters the bloodstream
intramuscular (IM) within or into a muscle
pH a scale that measures the alkalinity or acidity of a substance; 7 is the neutral point on this scale (less than 7 is acidic and greater than 7 is alkaline)
water-soluble dissolve in water; describes drugs that are composed mostly of water and can be excreted by the kidneys
lipid-solube dissovable in fats; describes drug that pass readily into cell membrane composed mostly of fatty substance, such as the brain
distribution the process by which a drug reaches the various organs and tissues of the body
metabolism the chemical alteration of drugs, food, or foreign compounds in and by the body
excretion the elimination of a drug from the body; usually occurs through urine, feces, or the respiratory system
asthma a respiratory disease characterized by wheezing, shortness of breath, and bronchoconstriction
geriatric refers to persons over the age of 65
side effects drug effects other then the intended one; usually undesirable but not harmful
half-life the amount of time it takes the body to break down and excrete one-half of a drug dosage
toxicity drug poisoning; can be life-threatening or extremely harmful
noncompliance when a patient does not follow a prescribed drug regimen
polypharmacy the administrations of more medication than clinically indicated
Created by: AutumnM0831
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