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8Sci CH11
8th Science CH11 Fueling the Body
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| digestion | mechanical and chemical breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the cells |
| enzymes | protein molecule controlling the rate of different body processes; humans have over 700 enzymes that are an essential part of chemical digestion and break nutrient molecules into smaller molecules |
| minerals | inorganic compounds essential for good health; needed by the body to regulate chemical reactions |
| nutrients | substances in food that are needed by the body for growth, development and repair |
| peristalsis | smooth, muscular waves of contractions that move food through the esophagus, into the stomach, and through the entire digestive system |
| villi | tiny finger-like projections lining the folds of the small intestines |
| vitamins | organic nutrients needed in small amounts by the body for good health, may be water-soluble or fat-soluble |