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8Sci CH7
8th Science CH7 Molecules in Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| absolute zero | coldness limit at which there can be no further cooling; at absolute zero (-273.15C) the kinetic energy of molecules is decreased to zero |
| boiling | formation of bubbles rising to the surface of heated water that occurs when the pressure of water vapor escaping from the liquid’s surface equals air pressure; boiling allows the water particles to gain enough kinetic energy to break away and become a gas |
| condensation | process in which gas is changed into a liquid |
| evaporation | process of a liquid changing into a gas; molecules with the highest kinetic energy evaporate from the surface first, which lowers the average kinetic energy of the molecules still in the liquid |
| kinetic-molecular theory | states that all ions, atoms, or molecules composing all forms of matter are in constant motion; the higher the temperature, the faster the particles move; explains familiar behaviors of matter like boiling, evaporation, melting, and expansion |
| sublimation | process in which a solid is changed into a gas without first becoming a liquid |
| thermal expansion | in a solid, the expansion that occurs as it is heated, resulting in its kinetic energy increasing and its particles moving farther apart |
| viscosity | resistance of a liquid to changing its shape; the stronger the attractive forces holding a liquid’s molecules together, the higher its viscosity; different liquids have different viscosity |
Created by:
djhockett5
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