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Chapter 10

Nail Diseases & Disorders

TermDefinition
Kilonychia Also known as spoon nails, inverted or concave nails.
Leukonychia Spots Also known as white spots; whitish discolorations of the nail usually caused by minor injury to the nail matrix.
Nail Pterygium Abnormal stretching of skin around the nail plate.
Melanonychia Darkening of the fingernails or toenails; may be seen as a black band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge.
Onychauxis Thickening of the fingernails or toenails.
Onychogryposis Also known as ram's horn or claw nails; an enlargement of the fingernails or toenails accompanied by increased thickening and curvature.
Onychophagy Also known as bitten nails; chewed nails or chewed hardened skin surrounding the nail plate.
Onychorrhexis Split or brittle nails that have a series of lengthwise ridges giving a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate.
Pincer Nail Also known as trumpet nail; the edges of the nail plate may curl around to form the shape of a trumpet or sharp cone at the free edge.
Plicatured Nail Also known as folded nail; a type of highly curved nail plate, usually caused by injury to the matrix, but it may be inherited.
Splinter hemorrhage Physical trauma or injury to the nail bed that damages the capillaries and allows a small amount of blood flow.
Nail Psoriasis Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate.
Onychia Inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the nail.
Onychocryptosis Also known as ingrown nails; nail grows into the sides of the tissue around the nail.
Onycholysis Lifting of the nail plate from the nail bed, without shedding, usually beginning at the free edge and continuing toward the lunula area.
Onychomadesis Separation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed; can affect fingernails and toenails.
Onychomycosis Fungal infection of the natural nail plate.
Paronychia Bacterial inflammation of the tissues surrounding the nail
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Common bacteria that can lead to a bacterial infection that appears as a green, yellow, or black discoloration on the nail bed.
Pyogenic Granuloma Severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate.
Created by: mstiny_s
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