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Pharmacology Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Therapeutic Classification | Classification that describes the reason for use; i.e., antihypertensive |
| Pharmacologic Classification | Classification that describes the mechanism of action at the cellular level; i.e., vasodilator |
| Prototype Drug | A well studied drug by which other drugs in the same class can be compared |
| Chemical Name | name assigned to a drug based on its chemical and physical properties; name assigned by IUPAC |
| Generic Name | name assigned to a drug by the U.S. Adopted Name Council |
| Trade/Brand Name | name assigned to a drug by manufacturer |
| excipients | inactive ingredients |
| bioavailability | the physiological ability of a drug to reach its target cells and produce its effect |
| first pass effect | the breaking down of medications in the stomach and liver prior to entering the blood stream |
| teratogenic drug | a drug known to produce adverse effects in a developing embryo/fetus |
| pharmacology | the study of medicines |
| adverse event | an acute and uncommon reaction to a medication |
| medication | a drug that has been administered |
| mechanism of action | the manner in which a drug works on the body |
| therapeutic | a drug concerned with the prevention of disease and treatment of suffering |
| anaphylaxis | an acute, life-threatening reaction to an antigen to which the body is hypersensitive (allergy) |
| allergic reaction | a reaction whereby the body overreacts to a foreign substance |
| Pharmacotherapeutics | the application of drugs for the purpose of treating disease/alleviating suffering |
| biologics | drugs that are naturally produced by animal cells, microorganisms, or by the body (i.e., vaccines, blood products, interferon) |
| Complimentary and Alternative Medicines (CAMs) | plants, herbs, supplements, vitamins; chiropractic, acupuncture, yoga, PT, etc |
| combination drug | a drug that contains more than one active ingredient; i.e., Norco |
| Formulary | a list of drugs and drug recipes |
| Pharmacopoeia | a reference summarizing standards of drug strength, purity, and directions for synthesis |
| Five Rights of Drug Administration | right patient, right med, right dose, right route of administration, and right time of delivery... and RIGHT DOCUMENTATION! |
| Three Checks of Drug Administration | 1) Check with MAR when removing from storage 2) Check when preparing, pouring, or mixing 3) Check just before administering |
| Blackbox Warning | a warning on a medication to warn providers of potential serious or life-threatening effects |
| controlled substance | a drug whose manufacture and use is regulated by the government due to dependence or abuse risk |
| scheduled drugs | the classification of controlled substances based on therapeutic use, dependence risk, and abuse risk |
| single order | a drug to be given once at a specific time; i.e., a preoperative order |
| STAT order | a drug to be given immediately, only once, in event of an emergency; given within 5 minutes of order |
| ASAP order | a drug to be given as soon as possible; given within 30 minutes of order |
| prn order | a drug to be given as needed |
| routine order | orders not written as STAT, ASAP, or NOW, usually within 2 hours |
| standing order | orders written in anticipation of a patient's need based on specific condition or procedure; i.e., postoperative order |
| compliance | taking a medication in the manner prescribed by the health care provider or on product label |
| Federal Drug Administration | federal agencies that regulates all drugs on market |
| pharmacoeconomics | economic considerations when choosing a drug therapy; takes into account cost of med to pt as well as cost to provider, lawmakers, and drug manufacturers |
| informed consent | having enough knowledge about a med or treatment to make autonomous choice |
| physiological dependence | an altered physical state caused by the adaptation of the nervous system to repeated drug use |
| psychological dependence | when an individual feels strongly compelled to consider using a drug; usually no signs of physical discomfort |
| withdrawal | the physical signs expressed in the absence of a dependency-associated drug |
| side effect | a non-therapeutic reaction to a drug; example: constipation with opiate pain killers |
| enteric route | a drug given orally and those administered through NG and G tubes |
| enteric-coated | a waxy coating on caps/tablets to prevent breakdown in the acidic stomach; they will break down in the alkaline small intestine where they are better absorbed |
| sustained-release (SR) | tablets designed to dissolve slowly, thereby delivering longer duration of action and requiring fewer doses |
| sublingual route | medication delivered under the tongue to dissolve slowly |
| buccal route |
Created by:
Lauren_IBCLC
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