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Lucas 10-4-09

QuestionAnswer
metaphase II duplicated chromosomes move to opposites end of cell; each centromer attaches to 2 spindle fibers
chromatids duplicated chromosomes; one of two identical parts of a chromosome
anaphase i chromosomes pulled to opposite ends of cell; 4th step in meiosis
metaphase step 3 in mitosis; chromosomes line along center of cell; centromere attach to a spindle fiber
replication occurs before cell division; process in which DNA forms exact duplicates of itself
haploid cell that has half the number of chromosomes as body cells; total of 23 individiual chromosomes
mitosis cell's nucleus divides into 2 new nuclei-one copy of DNA to each daughter cell; cells divide to form new body cells
anaphase 4th step in mitosis; centromere splits; chromatids separate; each chromatid goes to separate sides of cell
diploid body cells; have 23 pairs of chromosomes; 46 individual chromosomes;
cell cycle the continuing growth and divsion process in cells; the sequence of events that occurs in a cell frommitosis to mitosis
cytokinesis cell separates into 2 new cells; each daughter cell ends up with same number of chromosomes; last step of cell cycle
telophase I spindle fibers disappear; nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes at each end
anaphase II centromere divides; chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of cell
egg female sex cells
meiosis II begins with the 2 daughter cells from meiosis 1 going through a second division of the nucleus; in this process no chromosme replication; chromosome pairs split apart forming 4 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes (single strands); chromatid
centromer point at which each pair of chromatids is attached
centrioles a rod shaped structure that appears during mitosis; is responsible for spindle formation and movement
gametes reproductive cells; produced by meiosis; have half the number of chromosomes as body cells; called genome
prophase I each duplicated chromosome comes near its similar duplicate; nuclear membrane disintegrates; spindle fibers form
fertilization the joining of an egg and sperm
prophase 2nd step in mitosis; DNA condense to form chromosomes; nuclear membrane disappears; spindle fibers form
prophase II chromosomes and spindle fibers reappear
spindle fiber develops in middle of prophase; aids in chromosome movement
telophase II cytoplasm divides
sexual reporduction combination of hereditary material of 2 parents to produce offspring with new hereditary material
sperm male sex cell
telophase step 5 in mitosis; nuclear membrane returns around each mass of chromosomes; cells begin to divide
zygote a single cell that results from the joining of gametes
meiosis produces haploid sex cells; process of cell division that forms sex cells, each has half the number of chromosomes as parent cell; requires 2 divisions of the nucleus to form gametes
interphase step 1 of mitosis & meiosis; a period of growth and dvelopment; DNA breaks up in short chromosomes; each chromosome makes exact copy of self; each pairs stays attached in the middle (centromere)
daughter cells the 2 new cells fromed during mitosis
meiosis I cell divides, formining 2 daughter cells with chromosomes still in pairs; has steps like those in mitosis
Created by: murphyj
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