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NCLEX PHARM
CHAPTER 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The nurse understands that the dose-response relationship is graded and should expect to observe which response? | As the dosage increases, the response becomes progressively greater. |
| The nurse demonstrates the concept of maximal efficacy by administering which drug for a headache that the patient describes as a “mild dullness” and as a 2 on a 1 to 10 scale? | Aspirin |
| Which statement by the nursing student indicates a need for further instruction about drug selectivity? | Botulinum toxin is very selective and therefore very safe for administration.” |
| Which drug property is most enhanced by the presence of many different types of receptors throughout the body? | Selectivity |
| The drug dobutamine acts as an agonist of norepinephrine (NE) receptors. Which effect is the nurse most likely to observe in a patient receiving this medication? | Increased heart rate Dobutamine mimics the actin of NE at receptors on the heart, thereby causing an increase in the heart’s rate and force of contraction. |
| The nurse prepares to give a drug that will prevent receptor activation. Which term would describe this drug? | An antagonist is a drug that prevents receptor activation. An agonist is a molecule that activates receptors. A selective drug has only the desired response but may not activate receptors. A potent drug requires a lower dose to achieve its effect. |
| Why does the nurse administer naloxone to a patient receiving morphine sulfate who has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute? | Naloxone prevents the activation of opioid receptors. |
| Why does the nurse monitor the patient closely when administering a drug with a low therapeutic index? | The highest dose needed to produce a therapeutic effect is close to the lethal dose. |
| The nursing student learns that not all drugs produce effects binding to a receptor. Which drugs do not act through receptors? | Antacids do not act through receptors. Antacids neutralize gastric activity by direct chemical interaction with stomach acid. |
| The nurse is preparing to administer a drug with a high therapeutic index. What does this mean about the drug? | It is relatively safe. Therapeutic index is a measure of a drug’s safety. It is the ratio between the therapeutic and lethal dose of the drug. A large or high therapeutic index indicates that the drug is relatively safe. |
Created by:
Bich Bui
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