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VW level A unit 1~20
vocabulary workshop level A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adverse | (adj.) unfavorable, negative; working against, hostile |
| arid | (adj.) extremely dry; uninteresting, dull |
| assailant | (n.) a person who attacks violently (with blows or words) |
| billow | (n.) a large wave; (v.) to rise or swell like a wave |
| confront | (v.) to meet face-to-face, especially as a challenge; come to grips with |
| constrain | (v.) to force, compel; to restrain, hold back |
| contemporary | (adj.) belonging to the same period of time as oneself; (n.) a person of the same time |
| depict | (v.) to portray; to represent or show in the form of a picture |
| disininterested | (adj.) fair-minded, free from selfish motives; indifferent |
| encompass | (v.) to encircle, go or reach around; to enclose; to include with a certain group or class |
| groundless | (adj.) without any good reason or cause; justified |
| hypocrite | (n.) a person who pretends to be what he or she is not or better than he or she really is; a two-faced person |
| incomprehensible | (adj.) impossible to understand |
| manipulate | (v.) to handle or use skillfully; to manage or control for personal gain or advantage |
| maximum | (n.) the greatest possible amount or degree; (adj.) reaching the greatest possible amount or degree |
| mimic | (n.) a person who does imitations; (v.) to imitate; to make fun of |
| ruffle | (v.) to wrinkle, make uneven; to annoy, upset; to flip through; (n.) a gathered strip of material used for trimming edges; a ripple; a low drumbeat |
| serene | (adj.) peaceful, calm; free of emotional upset; clear and free of storm; majestic, grand |
| sheepish | (adj.) embarrassed; resembling a sheep in meekness, timid |
| stamina | (n.) the strength needed to keep going or overcome physical or mental strain; staying power |
| adverse | (adj.) unfavorable, negative; working against, hostile |
| arid | (adj.) extremely dry; uninteresting, dull |
| assailant | (n.) a person who attacks violently (with blows or words) |
| billow | (n.) a large wave; (v.) to rise or swell like a wave |
| confront | (v.) to meet face-to-face, especially as a challenge; come to grips with |
| constrain | (v.) to force, compel; to restrain, hold back |
| contemporary | (adj.) belonging to the same period of time as oneself; (n.) a person of the same time |
| depict | (v.) to portray; to represent or show in the form of a picture |
| disininterested | (adj.) fair-minded, free from selfish motives; indifferent |
| encompass | (v.) to encircle, go or reach around; to enclose; to include with a certain group or class |
| groundless | (adj.) without any good reason or cause; justified |
| hypocrite | (n.) a person who pretends to be what he or she is not or better than he or she really is; a two-faced person |
| incomprehensible | (adj.) impossible to understand |
| manipulate | (v.) to handle or use skillfully; to manage or control for personal gain or advantage |
| maximum | (n.) the greatest possible amount or degree; (adj.) reaching the greatest possible amount or degree |
| mimic | (n.) a person who does imitations; (v.) to imitate; to make fun of |
| ruffle | (v.) to wrinkle, make uneven; to annoy, upset; to flip through; (n.) a gathered strip of material used for trimming edges; a ripple; a low drumbeat |
| serene | (adj.) peaceful, calm; free of emotional upset; clear and free of storm; majestic, grand |
| sheepish | (adj.) embarrassed; resembling a sheep in meekness, timid |
| stamina | (n.) the strength needed to keep going or overcome physical or mental strain; staying power |
| barrage | (n.) a rapid, large-scale outpouring of something |
| bigot | (n.) an intolerant, prejudiced or biased person |
| designate | (v.) to indicate, point out; to appoint (adj.) selected but not yet installed |
| diversity | (v.) difference, variety; a condition of having many different types or forms |
| enigma | (n.) someone or something that is extremely puzzling; that which can not be inderstood or explained |
| gloat | (v.) to look at or think about with great intensity and satisfaction; to take great personal joy in |
| global | (adj.) of, relating to, or involving the entire world; comprehensive |
| illusion | (n.) a false idea; something that one seems to see or be aware of that really does not exist |
| infuriate | (v.) to make very angry, enrage |
| motivate | (v.) to provide with a reason for; to push on to some goal or course of action |
| pacifist | (n.) one who is against war or the use of violence; (adj.) opposoing war or violence |
| queue | (n.) a line of people waiting for somehing (such as a bus or the opening of a store); (v.) to form such a line |
| restrict | (v.) to keep within set limits; to confine |
| sage | (adj.) wise; (n.) a very wise person |
| slake | (v.) to satisfy, relieve or bring to an end |
| terrain | (n.) the landscape, especially considered with regard to its physical features or fitness for some use; a field of knowledge |
| vocation | (n.) any trade, profession or occupation; a sense of fitness or special calling for one' work |
| vow | (n.) a solemn or sacred promise or pledge; (v.) to declare or promise in a solemn way |
| waylay | (v.) to lie in wait for and attack, ambush |
| wither | (v.) to dry up, wilt, sag; to cause someone to fell ashamed, humiliated, or very small |
| acquit | [v.] to declare not guilty, free from blame, discharge completely; to conduct or behave oneself |
| deem | [v.] to think, belive; to consider, have an opinion |
| devastate | [v.] to destroy, lay waste, leave in ruins |
| discredit | [v.]to throw doubt upon, cause to be distrusted; to damage in reputation; [n.] a loss or lack of belief, confidence, or reputation |
| elusive | [adj.] difficult to catch or hold; hard to explain or understand |
| generate | [v.] to bring into existance; to be the cause of |
| idolize | [v.] to worship as an idol, make an idol of; to love very much |
| ingratitude | [n.] a lack of thankfulness |
| keepsake | [n.] something kept in memory of the giver; a souvenir |
| mortal | [n.] a being that must eventually die; [adj.] of or relating to such a being; causing death, fatal; possible, conceivable |
| ovation | [n.] an enthusiastic public welcome, an outburst of applause |
| petty | [adj.] unimportant, trivial; narrow-minded; secondary in rank, minor |
| plight | [n.] a sorry condition or state; [v.] to pledge, promise solemnly |
| repent | [v.] to feel sorry for what one has done or has failed to do |
| reverie | [n.] a daydream; the condition of being lost in thought |
| revocation | [n.] the act or instance of calling back, an annulment, cancellation |
| scan | [v.] to examine closely; to look over quickly but thoroughly; to analyze the rhythm of a poem; [n.] an examination |
| strand | [n.] a beach or shore; a string of wire, hair etc.; [v.] to drive or run aground; to leave in a hopeless position |
| strife | [n.] bitter disagreement; fighting, struggle |
| topple | [v.] to fall forward; to overturn, bring about the downfall of |
| acute | [adj.] with a sharp point; keen and alert; sharp and severe; rising quickly to a high point and lasting for a short time |
| bluster | [v.] to talk or act in a noisy or threatening way; to blow in stormy gusts; [n.] speech that is loud and threatening |
| bungle | [v.] to act or work clumsily and awkwardly; to ruin something through clumsiness |
| commentary | [n.] a series of notes clarifying or explaining something; an expression of opinion |
| duration | [n.] the length of time that something continues or lasts |
| eerie | [adj.] causing fear cause of strangeness; weird, mysterious |
| facet | [n.] one aspect or side of a subject or problem; one of the cut surfaces of a gem |
| fidelity | [n.] the state of being faithful; accuracy in details, exactness |
| fray | [n.] a brawl, a noisy quarrel; [v.]to wear away by rubbing; make ragged or worn; to strain irritate |
| headstrong | [adj.] willful, stubborn |
| inhabitant | [n.] one living permanently in a given place |
| numb | [adj.] having lost the power of feeling or movement; [v.] to dull the feelings of; to cause to lose feeling |
| pacify | [v.] to make peaceful or calm; to soothe |
| ravenous | [adj.] greedy; very hungry; eager for satisfaction |
| refute | [v.] to prove incorrect |
| remorse | [n.] deep and painful regret for one's past misdeeds; pains of conscience |
| setback | [n.] something that interferes with process; a disappointment, unexpected loss or defeat ; a step like recession in a wall |
| smug | [adj.] overly self-satisfied, self-righteousness |
| synopsis | [n.] a brief statement giving a general view of some subject, book, etc.; a summary |
| tarry | [v.] to delay leaving; to linger, wait; to remain or stay for a while |
| agenda | [n.] the program for a meeting; a list, outline, or plan of things to be considered or done |
| amiable | [adj.] friendly, good-natured |
| befuddle | [v.] to confuse, make stupid |
| blight | [n.] a disease that causes plants to wither and die; a condition of disease or ruin; [v.] to destroy, ruin |
| boisterous | [adj.] rough and noisy in a cheerful way; high-spirited |
| clarity | [n.] clearness, accuracy |
| complaint | [adj.] willing to do what someone else wants; obedient |
| conserve | [v.] to preserve; to keep from being damaged, lost, or wasted; to save |
| debut | [n.] a first public appearance; a formal entrance into society; [v.] to make a first apperance |
| gory | [adj.] marked by bloodshed, slaughter, or violence |
| gross | [adj.] overweight; coarse, vulgar; very noticeable; total; [n.] an overall total [ without deductions ] ; twelve dozen; [v.] to earn |
| induce | [v.] to cause, bring about; to persuade |
| leeway | [n.] extra space for moving along a certain route; allowance for mistakes or inaccuracies; margin of error |
| limber | [adj.] flexible; [v.] to cause to become flexible |
| maze | [n.] a network of paths through which it is hard to find one's way; something very mixed-up and confusing |
| oracle | [n.] someone or something that can predict the future |
| partisan | [n.] a strong supporter of a person, party, or cause; one whose support is unreasoning; a resistance fighter, guerrilla; [adj.] strongly supporting one side only |
| reimburse | [v.] to pay back; to give payment for |
| vacate | [v.] to go away from, leave empty; to make empty; to void, annul |
| vagabond | [n.] an idle wanderer; a tramp; [adj.]wandering; irresponsible |
| autherize | [v.] to approve or permit; to give power or authority to; Synonym-order |
| culprit | [n.] a person who has committed a crime or is guilty of some misconduct; an offender ;Synonym-lawbreaker |
| dawdle | [v.] to waste time; to be ikli; to spend more time in doing something that is necessary; Synonym-delay |
| dissect | [v.] to cut appart in preperation for scientific study; to analyze with great care ;Synonym-examine |
| expend | [v.] to pay out, tospend; to use up ;Synonym-utilize |
| fatality | [n.] an event resulting in death; an accidental death ;Synonym-mortality |
| gullible | [adj.] easily fooled, tricked, or cheated ;Synonym-trusting |
| illicit | [adj.] not permitted, unlawful, improper ;Synonym-illegal |
| immerse | [v.] to plunge or dip into a fluid; to involve deeply ;Synonym-dunk |
| inflammatory | [adj.] causing excitment or anger; leading to violence or disorder; Synonym-provoking |
| memorandum | [n.] a note to aid one's memory; an informal note or report (pl., memorandums or memoranda) ;Synonym- reminder |
| pathetic | [adj.] marked by strong emotion, especialy pity and sarrow; able to move people emotionly; worthy of pity; woefully inadequate ;Synonym-pitiable |
| persevere | [v.] to keep doing something inspite of diffaculties; to refuse to quit even when the going is tough ;Synonym- pursue |
| prevaricate | [v.] to lie, tell an untruth; to mislead on purpose ;Synonym-fib |
| quash | [v.] to crush, to put down completely ;Synonym-suppress |
| relish | [n.] enjoyment or satisfaction; something that adds a pleasing flavor; [v.] to enjoy greatly ;Synonym-gusto |
| reminisce | [v.] to recall one's past thoughts, feelings, or experiences ;Synonym-recollect |
| scour | [v.] to clean or polish by hard rubbing; to examine with great care; to move about quikly in search of ;Synonym-scrub |
| tribute | [n.] something done or given to show respect; a payment ;Synonym-honor |
| writhe | [v.] to make twisting or turning movements in a way that suggests pain or struggle; Synonym-twist |
| affluence | (n.) wealth, riches, prosperity; great abundence, plenty Synonym-opulence |
| arrears | (n.,pl.) unpaid oroverdue depets;an unfinished duty Synonym-late |
| cascade | (n.) a step, a waterfall; something falling or rushing forth in quantity; (v.) to flow downward (like a waterfall) Synonym-rush |
| cringe | (v.) to shrink back or hide in fearor submissiveness Synonym-duck |
| crotchety | (adj.) cranky, ill-tempered; full of odd whims Synonym-crabby |
| format | (n.) the size, shape, or arrangment of something Synonym-laymat |
| immobile | (adj.) not movable; not moving Synonym-fixed |
| immpassable | (adj.) blocked so that nothing can go through Synonym-open |
| innovation | (n.) something new, a change; the act of introducing or new method, idea, device, etc. Synonym-novelty |
| jovail | (adj.) good-humored, in high spirits; merry Synonym-jolly |
| manacle | (n., usally pl.) a handcuff, anything that chains or confines; (v.) to chain or restrain (as with handcuffs) Synonym-fetter |
| martail | (adj.) warlike, fond of fighting; relating to ear, the army, or military life Synonym-military |
| minimum | (n.) the smallest possable amount; (adj.) the lowest permissable or possable Synonym-least |
| nimble | (adj.) quick and skillful in movement, agile; clever Synonym-keen |
| onset | (n.) the beginning, start (especially of something violent and destructive); an attack, assault Synonym-outset |
| partition | (n.) something that divides (such as a wall); the act of dividing something into parts or sections; (v.) to divide or subdivide into parts or shares Synonym-divider |
| perishable | (adj.) likely to spiol or decay Synonym-fleeting |
| retrieve | (v.) to find and bring back, get back; to put right, make good Synonym-recover |
| sinister | (adj.) appearing evil or dangerous; threating evil or harm Synonym-frighting |
| taut | (adj.) tightly drawn, tense; neat, in good order Synonym-tight |
| avenge | (v.)to get revenge for,get even for, settle a score; to punish someone or get satisfaction for a wrong or a injury Synonym-retaliate |
| cede | (v.) to give up, surrender; to hand over to another Synonym-yield |
| deluge | (n.) a great flood; a heavy fall of rain; anything that comes in vast qaunity (like a flood); (v.) to flood Synonym-swamp |
| discretion | (n.) good judgement; care in speech or action; freedom to judge or choose Synonym-tact |
| giddy | (adj.) dizzy; light-headed; lacking serousness Synonym-faint |
| impact | (n.) the sriking of one object against the other; the shack caused by collision; (v.) to affect, expecially forcefully Synonym-blow |
| intimidate | (v.) to make timis or frighten by threats; to use fear to get someone to do (ornot to do) something Synonym-bully |
| liberate | (v.) to free from bandage or domination; to realese Synonym-untie |
| logical | (adj.) reasonable; making use of reason or good sense Synonym-sensible |
| misrepresent | (v.) to give a false or untrue idea Synonym-distort |
| optional | (adj.) left to one's own choice; not required Synonym-voluntary |
| outright | (adj.) complete; insantanous; without reservation, thouroughgoing; (adj.) completely, instantanously Synonym-total |
| rendezvous | (v.) to meet in accordance with a plan; (n.) a meeting by agreement; a meeting place Synonym-date |
| rotund | (adj.) rounded and plump; full or rich in sound Synonym-round |
| saunter | (v.) to stroll; walk in an easy, leisurely way; (n.) a stroll Synonym-amble |
| sluggish | (adj.) lazy; slow-moving; not active, dull Synonym-unhurried |
| subordinate | (adj.) lower in rank or position, secondary; (n.) one who is in a lower position or under the orders of someone else; (v.)to put in a lower or secondary position Synoynm-helper |
| tint | (n.) a delicate color or hue; a slight trace of something; (v.) to give color to something to dye Synonym-shade |
| variable | (adj.) likely to undergo change; changeable; (n.) a value or quanity that veries; a symbol for such Synonym-shifting |
| verge | (n.) the piont at which something begins or happens; a border; (v.) to incline, tend toward, approach; to be in the proccess of becoming something else Synonym-brink |
| abominable | adj; hatred or discusting |
| bumbling | adj; awkward n; clumsiness |
| consequence | n; result or importance |
| delude | v; fool or diseave, mislead |
| dole | v; to give out in small amounts n; or necesities; small portion |
| engulf | v; swallow, overwhelm |
| foil | v; to defeat, keep from gaining end n; sheet of metal, fencing sword, something serving as a contrast |
| formulate | v; express definitely or systematically, devise, state as a formula |
| initiative | n; taking of the first step, ability to act without being directed or urged |
| memento | n; something that serves as a reminder |
| nonconformist | n; person who refuses to follow established ideas or to do things adj; relating to the unconvectional |
| null and void | adj; without legal force or effect, without binding |
| panorama | n; wide unobstructed view, complete survey, a continously passing or changing scene, range or spectrum |
| posterity | n; all future generations, all of a person's offspring |
| pry | v; pull loose by force, look out closely, to be nosy |
| refurbish | v; brighten, freshen, polish, restore |
| resourceful | adj; able to deal promptly with problems, clever in finding ways and means of getting along |
| riggorous | adj; severe, strict, thoroughly logical |
| subsequent | adj; comming after, following in time, place, or order |
| unerring | adj; making no mistakes, faultless or completely accurate |
| alias | an assumed name, otherwise called |
| amble | to walk slowly |
| burly | big and strong |
| distort | to give a false or misleading account of |
| dogged | persistent, stubbornly determined |
| dumbfounded | so amazed that one is unable to speak |
| extinct | no longer in exsistance |
| fossil | the petrified remains or traces of an animal |
| grit | very fine sand or gravel, courage |
| inevitable | sure to happen |
| ingrained | fixed deeply and firmly |
| meteoric | resembling a meteor |
| parody | a ridiculous imitation |
| prevail | to triumph over |
| rend | to tear to pieces |
| replenish | to fill again, to replace |
| rummage | to search through, investigate |
| skimp | to save to be thrifty, to give little attention to |
| sleuth | a detective |
| vandalism | deliberate destruction of public space |
| abduct | to kidnap, Carry off by force |
| ambiguous | not clear: having two or more possible meanings |
| balk | to stop short and refuse to go on, an illegal motion made by a pitcher in baseball |
| compact | closely and firmly packed together, An argument of two parties |
| confer | to consult |
| earmark | to set aside for a special purpose, mark an animals for identification |
| frigid | extremely cold |
| implement | an instrument tool, To put into effect |
| incalculable | too great to be counted, unpredictable |
| indisputable | beyond question or argument |
| intensive | deep, thorough, showing great effort |
| maneuver | a planned movement |
| sabotage | an action taken to destroy something or to prevent it from working properly |
| scant | not enough, barely enough |
| stealthy | sneaky, done in a way so as not to be seen or observed |
| strapping | tall, strong, and healthy |
| strident | harsh, unpleasent sounding |
| thrive | to grow vigorously |
| titanic | of enormous size, streanght and power |
| valiant | possessing or acting with bravery or boldness |
| adhere | to stick to |
| affirm | to declare to be true |
| atrocity | an extremely cruel act |
| audition | a trial hearing for a performer |
| cope | to struggle successfully against |
| deter | do discourage |
| disquieting | causing uneasiness or worry |
| empower | to give power |
| fluent | speaking or writing easily and smoothly |
| lag | to move slowly or fall behind |
| mangle | to injure very seriously by cutting |
| misapprehension | a wrong idea |
| optimist | one who looks expects things to turn out for the best |
| prowl | to roam about stealthily in search for something |
| stupefy | to make stupid |
| sulky | in a bad mood |
| supplement | something added to complete a thing or make up for a lack |
| surge | to have a heavy motion |
| trait | a quality |
| unscrupulous | dishonest |
| abstain | (v.) to stay away from doing something by one's own choice |
| accommodate | (v.) to do a favor or service for, help out; to provide for, supply with, to have space for; to make fit or suitable |
| allegiance | (n.) the loyalty or obligation owed to a government, nation, or cause |
| amalgamate | (v.) to unite; to combine elements into a unified whole |
| append | (v.) to attach, add, or tack on as a supplement or extra item |
| commemorate | (v.) to preserve, honor, or celebate the memory of |
| enumerate | (v.) to count; to name one by one, list |
| exalt | (v.) to make high in rank, power, character, or quality; to fill with pride, joy, or noble feeling; to praise, honor |
| extort | (v.) to obtain by violence, misuse of authority, or threats |
| far-fetched | (adj.) strained or improbable (in the sense of not being logical or believable), going far afield from a topic |
| glum | (adj.) depressed, gloomy |
| replica | (n.) a copy; close reproduction |
| responsive | (adj.) answering or replying; reacting readily to requests, suggestions, etc.; showing interest and understanding |
| sanctuary | (n.) a sacred or holy place; refuge or protection from capture or punishment; a place of refuge or protection |
| self-seeking | (adj.) selfishly ambitious |
| submissive | (adj.) humbly obedient; tending to give in to authority; obeying without protest |
| tally | (v.) to count up; to keep score; to make entries for reckoning; to correspond or agree; (n.) a total or score |
| taskmaster | (n.) one whose job it is to assign work to others; one who uses his or her power to make people work very hard |
| transform | (v.) to change completely in appearance or form; to make into something else |
| upheaval | (n.) a sudden, violent upward movement; great disorder or radical change |
| beacon | light or other signal |
| berserk | violently enraged |
| celestial | sky or heavens; heavenly |
| chasten | to punish; to restrain, moderate |
| confiscate | to seize by authority; to take and keep |
| data | information, fact |
| detract | to take away from; reduce in value |
| encounter | an unplanned meeting, meeting of enemies in battle |
| epic | long poem about heroes, grand scale, vast, titanic |
| pantomime | a play or story without words using only gestures. data information, facts figures, statistics |
| pessimist | one who believes or expects the worst; prophet of doom |
| precaution | care taken beforehand; a step or action taken to prevent something from happening |
| prosecute | bring before a court of law |
| puncture | small hole from a sharp object |
| retaliate | to get revenge;strike back |
| sham | fake, not genuine, false |
| uncouth | unrefined, crude, awkward |
| underscore | draw a line under;drawn under |
| wholesome | heathy, moral |
| wistful | full of meconolagy |
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tlrp
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