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Chest final review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Injury to the right side requires which positions? | RPO and LAO |
| Injury to the left side requires which positions? | LPO and RAO |
| Why is a chest X-ray performed at 72â | To reduce magnification of the heart. |
| Central ray is at what level | T7 |
| List all views with no tube angle that is shot at T7 level | PA upright, Lat upright, Lateral decubitus, RAO/LAO , LAO/RAO, AP supine |
| Ap lordotic is X-rayed at what degree? | Cephalic 15⢠|
| Name the four structures in the mediastinum? | Trachea, Esophagus, Heart, Thymus |
| On inspiration, the diaphragm moves _______ | Down/Inferior |
| On expiration, the diaphragm moves ______ | Up/Superior |
| What is excursion? | Movement of the diaphragm. |
| Why is the patient erect for the chest radiography? | A: Allows lungs to fully inflate B: Prevents heart engorgement C: Shows air/Fluid levels |
| Name the two views of the chest? | PA and Left Lateral |
| Why are decubitus views performed? | To see air/ fluid levels |
| Which two obliques show the left lung? | RAO/LPO |
| What does the lordotic view of the chest show? | Apices |
| Which two obliques show the right lung? | LAO/RPO |
| The _______ aspect of the hand is placed on the hips during a PA chest. | Posterior |
| Why are the shoulders rolled forward for a PA chest? | To remove the scapula from the lung field. |
| How many ribs should be shown on a good chest radiography? | 10 |
| Why should the chin be raised on a leteral chest? | To prevent superimposition with the lung field. |
| How is rotation checked on a PA chest? | SC joints should be equidistant from the sternum. |
| How is rotation checked on a lateral chest? | Ribs and costophrenic angles should be superimposed. |
| How many lobes in the right lung? | 3 |
| How many loves are in the left lung? | 2 |
| What separates the lobes of the lung? | Fissures |
| What is the structure that separates the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity? | Diaphragm |
| Name the lining of the lung? | Pleura |
| Name the lining of the lung? | Parietal pleura |
| What is the membrane covering the lungs called? | Visceral pleura |
| What is superior part of the lung? | Apex |
| What is the inferior part of the lung? | Base |
| What is the area called where the primary bronchi enters the lung? | Hilus |
| What is the area called where the trachea splits and branches in two? | Carina |
| How many parts are in the respiratory system and name them?? | 1: Pharynx 2: Larynx 3: Trachea 4: Primary Bronchi 5: Secondary bronchi 6: Bronchioles 7: Alveoli |
| Define atelectasis: | Movement of the diaphragm |
| Define emphysema: | Dialated alveoli |
| Define pleurisy: | Inflammation of the pleura |
| Define pneumothorax: | Trapped air in the thoracic cavity. |
| What is the largest artery in the body? | Aorta |
| What carries blood towards the heart? | Veins |
| Is the trachea more anterior or is the esophagus? | Trachea |
| Atelectasis requires a _____ in X-ray exposure? | Increase |
| A cancerous tumor requires a _____ in X-ray exposure? | Increase |
| Osteoporosis requires a _____ in X-ray exposure? | Decrease |
| Pleural effusion requires a _____ in X-ray exposure? | Increase |
| Pneumothorax requires a ______ in X-ray exposure? | Decrease |
| Pleurisy requires a _____ in X-ray exposure? | Increase |
| Emphysema requires a ______ in X-ray exposure? | Decrease |
| What is the disadvantage of an AP over a PA chest X-ray? | Magnification of the heart. |
| What is critical factor shown on erect chest and abdominal X-rays? | Air and fluid levels |
| What can the technologist do to remove the scapula from the lung field? | Roll the shoulders forward. |
| For the average female chest X-ray the CR should be about __ inches below the vertebral prominent? | Seven |
| A general rule states that radiographic grids must be used in chest radiographs for ââ- | Exposures of 100 kVp or greater |
| Lowest, widest portion of lung where the diaphragm meets the ribs? | Costophrenic angle |
| What does increased inspiration allow? | Better visualization of pulmonary vessels |
| What is a sign of adequate inspiration? | 10 ribs are seen in the X-ray |
| When a child aspirates an object, what lobe does it usually enter? | Right medial lobe (RML) |
| What lung lobe is most likely to develop pneumonia due to aspiration? | Right medial lobe (RML) |
| Why are the back of the hands placed low on the hips? | To avoid costophrenic angles |
| Why do you depress the shoulders? | To move the clavicles below the apices |
| How do you remove the scapulae from the lung field? | Rotate shoulders forward |
| What does the AP lordotic demonstrate? | The apices of the lungs without the clavicles in the lung field. |
| Where is the land mark for the thyroid cartridge anterior? | C4 |
| Define pleural effusion? | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity) |
| Define pleurisy? | Also known as pleuritis. Inflammation of the pleura |
| Pneumothorax | Collection of the air in the pleural space. Caused by a disease, tumor or trauma. |
| COPD Chronic obstruction pulmonary disease | Chronic persistent obstruction of the air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs. |
| Atelectasis | An airless portion of the lung caused by a tumor or other obstruction |
| What are the four body habitus to be considered in the technical factors in performing a chest X-ray | Asthenic, hyposthenic, sthenic, hypersthenic |
| Voice box | Larynx |
| Cartilage covering the larynx? | Epiglottis |
| Wind pipe | Trachea |
| Alveoli | Alveolar air sacs |
Created by:
Waltguzman
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