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Pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pathology | Study of disease, focusing on physiologic, gross, and microscopic morphologic changes in cells reacting to injury |
| Disease | An impairment of the normal state of the living animal or plant body that affects the performance of the vital functions |
| How are most disease catagorized? | Pathological processes |
| Etiology | Cause of disease |
| Iatrogenic | "provider induced" |
| Pathogenesis | description of the mechanisms by which diseases develop |
| Sign | objective evidence (a peceptible change) the signal disease |
| Symptom | a patient’s subjective experience or interpretation of the disease. |
| Syndrome | a group of signs &/or symptoms that characteristically occur together as a part of a single disease process |
| Pathognomonic | a sign, symptom or characteristic of a disease that leads to its accurate diagnosis. |
| Prognosis | reasonable predictions about the course of a disease or process taking into account the natural history, the expected effects of therapy and particular factors specific for the individual case. |
| Parenchyma | the functional elements of an organ, e.g., myocardial cell (myocyte) of the heart; neuron of the brain. |
| Stroma | the framework or support elements of an organ, e.g., the connective tissue (interstitium) of the heart surrounding the myocyte |
| Lesion | any pathological abnormality of tissue structure or function. |
| Describe deficiency when talking about causes of cell injury | Lack of necessary substance. Ex:Nutritional, inability to absorb of utilize nutrients, genetic defect leading to inadequate production or regulation |
| Describe intoxication when talkign about causes of cell injury | Presence of substance that interferes with cell function |
| Endogenous intoxication | Genetic defect, accumulation fo metabolite |
| Exogenous | infectious agents, chemicals, drugs (illegal and prescription) |
| Define trauma when talkign about causes of cell injury | Loss of structural integrity |
| Hypothermia (in realtion to traumma/cell injury) | Formation of ice crystals |
| Hyperthermia (in relation to trauma/cell injury) | Denaturation or oxidation of proteins |
| Mechanical pressure | Type of cell trauma |
| Infections(in relation to trauma/cell injury) | Cell rupture/lysis |
| Hypoxia | example of deprivation. State of tissue or cell oxygen deficiency |
| Ischemia | Example of deficiency. Oxygen deprevation due to lack of blood flow |
| Why do cells need oxygen | to make more ATP. 36 ATP made by oxidative phosphorylation comapred to 2 made with anaerobic glycolysis |
| What happens to cell if lack of oxygen is due to ischemia? | inflow of substrate decreases and efflux of metabolic end product slows. |
Created by:
lrcrisp
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