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Engineering
Chapter 15 Chemical Engineering
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| absolute pressure | pressure relative to a vacuum |
| aneriod gauge | type of gauge that uses a small bellows that changes shape as pressure changes |
| bimetallic temperature measurement device | device that relies on the concept that different metals expand and contract due to temperature at different rates |
| block flow diagram | extremely basic representation of major processes in a plant |
| change-of-state temperature measurement device | device that permanently changes colors when it reaches a certain temperature |
| chemistry | scientific study of materials, their properties, their interactions,and the changes that they undergo |
| coal gasification | clean coal method in which coal is broken down into its basic chemical parts using heat and pressure with steam |
| deformulation | process that involves the identification and separation of chemical components within a substance |
| differential pressure flow meter | type of flowmeter that constricts the flow by placing some sort of obstruction inside of a pipe or by narrowing the pipe at a point |
| first law of thermodynamics | application of the law of conservation of energy |
| fluid flow | liquids or gases in motion |
| gauge pressure | measurement of pressure relative to the atmosphere pressure |
| infrared temperature measurement device | device that measures the thermal radiation emitted from a material |
| laminar flow | type of flow that has no disruption between the layers of the moving fluid, with no eddies or changes |
| mass balance | property founded in the law of the conservation of matter |
| mechanical flow meter | type of flowmeter that uses a variety of mechanical devices inside of a pipe to measure flow |
| open-channel flow meter | type of flowmeter that measures the flow in a channel rather than in a pipe |
| plant layout | arrangement of facilities based on the location of he materials that will be made into products and how they are moved through the plant |
| process flow diagram | detailed diagram that includes main flow of chemicals |
| "right to understand" laws | laws that are designed to ensure people know what chemicals that are being exposed to and what the health effects could be |
| second law of thermodynamics | often called the entropy law, this law is concerned with the idea that concentrated source of energy with naturally disperse |
| surface tension | characteristics almost like a film on the surface, caused by the molecules of a liquid tending to be more attracted to each other |
| thermodynamics | study of work, energy, and efficiency in large-scale systems |
| velocity flow meter | type of flowmeter that measures the speed of passing fluid and the depth of the fluid |
| waste | by-product of chemical operations |
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