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HPsych-Chapter2:ResS

QuestionAnswer
Regulation of the respiratory system blood gas levels are "measured" by the medulla and other parts of the brain that control breathing
Inspiration/Expiration vacuum system is created by rib muscles and diaphragm to bring air in or push it out
Control system coughing and sneezing keep irritants out and cilia on the tract move particles out to be swallowed (mucociliary escalator)
asphyxia insufficient oxygen and excess carbon dioxide
anoxia insufficient oxygen
hyperventilation causes insufficient carbon dioxide (breathe off too much carbon dioxide); vessels constrict and blood to the brain is reduced
hay fever allergy causing histamine production which inflames capillaries, causing fluid production
asthma air tubes constrict and swell; may result from allergy, stress, or exercise
viral infection colds, flu, bronchitis; may lead to pneumonia
bacterial infection strep throat, whooping cough, diphtheria; can lead to pneumonia
pneumonia can spread from the lungs to other organs; lobar or bronchial pneumonia
lobar pneumonia infection of an entire lung lobe
bronchial pneumonia usually a secondary infection of the bronchi (happens after a cold, etc. when your body is already "busy")
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) typically caused by chronic bronchitis or emphysema (caused by smoking); alveoli lose elasticity, can't expel air
pleurisy inflammation of the lining of the thoracic cavity; breathing rubs them together-- irritating
tuberculosis bacterial infection; problem: resistance develops if the treatment is ended too early
lung cancer causes include smoking, asbestos, or air pollution
Created by: Jean-O
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