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psych learning

principles of learning exam 2 lecture 16

TermDefinition
Density bias More cue(or response)-outcome pairings leads to more judged control or causality… even if it doesn’t really have any more predictive power
Operant conditioning a type of learning in which the future probability of a behavior is affected by its consequences OR the learning that occurs when a subject learns that their behavior is instrumental in causing some outcome
Operant conditioning vs Classical conditioning If a lever is extended and the subject needs to press the lever to receive food, then it is operant conditioning • If a lever is extended and this lever predicts that food will be delivered regardless of lever-presses, it is classical conditioning
Two main classifications of instrumental/ operant tasks Discrete-trial tasks Free-operant tasks
Discrete Trial Discrete-trial procedures occur when there are particular times (clearly indicated by cues) when responses cause outcomes
Free Operant The subject can make a response at any time- no trials or cues tell the animal that “now the contingencies are in place”
Edward Thorndike Strongly opposed hypothesizing that animals had “intelligence” – Described changes in their behavior in terms of the stimuli in their environment causing a response (stimulus-response or S-R learning) Puzzle box guy
Law of effect Thorndikes proposition that behaviors that lead to satisfying states of affairs are strengthened or "stamped in" while behaviors that lead to an unsatisfying or annoying state of affairs are weakened or "stamped out"
B.F. Skinner Studied behavior using freeoperant procedures in an operant conditioning chamber – Enabled long-term experiments with regular patterns without experimenter interference – Felt that terms like “satisfying” and “annoying” were too mentalistic for science
Created by: tdhughes02
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