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Thermal agents
Modalities
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is specific heat | the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a given weight of a material by a given number of degrees. |
| fluidotherapy temp | 126-134 F |
| whirlpool temp | 100-110 F |
| conduction | energy exchange by direct collision between two molecules of two different temperatures. (example given, hot pack) |
| how long will heating occur | until temperature and speed of the molecules becomes equal |
| which way is heat transferred | from hot to cold |
| True or False: conduction requires direct contact or heat/cold is transferred to the air instead of the patient | True |
| True or false: the greater the difference in temperature between two materials the slower the transfer | False |
| Which has the highest thermal conductivity, metal, water or air? | metal |
| conduction is better for superficial or deep heat | superficial |
| convection | heat transfer by direct contact through a circulating medium (example given: whirlpool, fluidotherapy) |
| conversion | converts a non-thermal form of energy into heat (example given: US, diathermy) |
| radiation | a direct form of energy transfer without the need of a medium or contact (example given: IR lamps) |
| evaporation | energy is absorbed to change a liquid into a gas or vapor |
| cryotherapy | the therapeutic use of cold |
| Effects of cold | initial decrease in blood flow, decreased nerve conduction velocity, increased pain threshold, altered muscle strength , decreased spasticity, decreased metabolic rate |
| what is cold induced vasodilation and how would you avoid it? | when cold is applied for a longer time or when tissue temperature reaches 50F or less, vasodilation MAY occur. Limit cold tx to 15 minutes or less |
| how long does it take nerve conduction to return to normal after cold tx? | within 15 minutes in individuals with normal circulation |
| where can a reversible nerve conduction block occur? | over superficial nerves (examples: peroneal nerve at fibular head; ulnar nerve at posterior/medial elbow |
| indications for cryotherapy | inflammation, edema, pain, spasticity, MS, cryostretch |
Created by:
bsa8581
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