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Anti-VFPHI
Antivirals, Antifungals, Antiparisitics, Antihistimines, Antiinflammatory
| Drug | Class/Family |
|---|---|
| acyclovir | -cyclovir / Antiviral / Inhibition of viral DNA synthesis / Herpes Simplex V, Varicella Zoster V, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus / Renal Clearance / Nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity / Interaction with zidovudine |
| ganciclovir | -cyclovir / Antiviral / Inhibition of viral DNA synthesis / Herpes Simplex V, Varicella Zoster V, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus / Renal Clearance / Nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity / Interaction with zidovudine |
| foscarnet | no root / Antiviral / Inhibition of viral DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase & HIV reverse transcriptase / HSV, VZV, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus / NOT FIRST LINE / Renal Elimination / Nephrotoxicity / |
| amantadine | -mantadine / Antiviral / Inhibition of viral uncoating / Influenza A/ NOT Commonly Used / Very common resistance / <5% have CNS toxicity / Interaction with antihistamines, anticholinergics, alcohol |
| oseltamivir | -amivir / Antiviral / Neuraminidase Inhibitor / Inhibition of viral budding / Influenza A & B / MUST BE USED IMMEDIATELY / Resistance fairly common / CI distress, Pregnancy Category C / Interaction with live vaccines |
| zanamivir | -amivir / Antiviral / Neuraminidase Inhibitor / Inhibition of viral budding / Influenza A & B / MUST BE USED IMMEDIATELY / Resistance fairly common / CI distress, Pregnancy Category C / Interaction with live vaccines |
| ribavirin | no root / Antiviral / inhibition of IMPDH leads to depletion of GTP levels, can also inhibit viral RNA polymerase / Hepatitis C / Interacts with zidovudine / Pregnancy category X / Anemia |
| zidovudine | no root / Antiviral / Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhivitor (NRTI) (Thymidine homolog) / HIV / RARELY USED NOW because of frequent drug interactions / Granulocytopenia, metabolic lactic acidosis |
| nevirapine | no root / Antiviral / Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor / HIV / CYP P450s Clearance / rash, liver toxicity |
| indinavir | no root / Antiviral / HIV-protease inhibitor / HIV / RARELY USED NOW / CYP P450s Clearance / Altered lipid metabolism & fat redistribution, nephrolithiasis |
| caspofungin | -fungin / Antifungal / Cell wall synthesis by inhibiting 1,3-beta glucan synthase. Fungicidal / Invasive candidiasis, aspergillosis / Very well-tolerated / Hepatic clearance / IV infusion / Interaction with immunosuppressants |
| amphotericin B | no root / Antifungal / Binds ergosterol in fungal membranes and forms a pore / Broad-spectrum for severe fungal infections / IV infusion / Renal clearance / Side effects are "amphoterrible" |
| terbinafine | no root / Antifungal / inhibits ergosterol synthesis enzyme squalene epoxidase decreases mebmrane fluidity and integrity / dermatophytes |
| fluconazole | -conazole / Antifungal / interfere with ergosterol synthesis inhibit lanosteral-14 alpha demethylase / superficial and systemic fungal infections / CSF distribution / Renal elimination |
| itraconazole | -conazole / Antifungal / interfere with ergosterol synthesis inhibit lanosteral-14 alpha demethylase / superficial and systemic fungal infections / hepatotoxicity / NOT CSF / Metabolic clearance |
| flucytosine | no root / Antifungal / inhibits DNA synthesis, converted to 5'fluorouracil (toxic) / systemic fungal infections (used with amphotericin B to treat cryptococcal meningitis / renal eliminated / CONTRAINDICATED during pregnancy |
| griseofulvin | no root / Antifungal / binds microtubules, mitosis inhibitor / restricted to dermatophytes / must be used until injured tissue replaces itself |
| pentamidine | no root / Antifungal / poorly understood mechanism, interacts with DNA, RNA, topoisomerase, and ubiquitin / Alternative treatment for pneumocystitis jiroveci pneumonia / nephrotoxiticy, cardiovascular, hypoglycemia / NO CNS penetration |
| trimethroprim (TMP) / sulfamethoxazole (SMX) | no root / Antifungal & Antibacterial / folate antagonist / SMX inhibits dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) / TMP inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) / |
| metronidazole | Antiparisitic / lots |
| chloroquine | Antiparisitic / malaria |
| quinine/quinidine | Antiparisitic / malaria |
| gluconate | Antiparisitic / cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis |
| atovaquone-proguanil | Antiparisitic / Babesiosis |
| primaquine | Antiparisitic / malaria |
| sulfadiazine/pyrimethamine | Antiparisitic / malaria |
| sodium stibogluconate | Antiparisitic / Visceral leishmaniasis |
| nifurtimox | Antiparisitic / American trypanosomes/Chagas’ disease |
| suramin | Antiparisitic / African sleeping sickness |
| melarsoprol | Antiparisitic / African sleeping sickness |
| mebendazole | Antiparisitic / whipworm |
| pyrantel pamoate | Antiparisitic / hookworms |
| ivermectin | Antiparisitic / threadworm |
| praziquantel | Antiparisitic / Flatworms and cestodes |
| diphenhydramine | Antihistamine / 1st Gen H1 receptor antagonist (sedation) / Widely distributed in body including CNS / Competitive Inhibitor / Used in allergic reactions, cold and flu, motion sickness, parkinson's |
| promethazine | Antihistamine / 1st Gen H1 receptor antagonist (sedation) / Widely distributed in body including CNS / Competitive Inhibitor / Used in allergic reactions, cold and flu, motion sickness, parkinson's |
| dimenhydrinate | Antihistamine / 1st Gen H1 receptor antagonist (sedation) / Widely distributed in body including CNS / Competitive Inhibitor / Used in allergic reactions, cold and flu, motion sickness, parkinson's |
| chlorpheniramine | Antihistamine / 1st Gen H1 receptor antagonist (sedation) / Widely distributed in body including CNS / Competitive Inhibitor / Used in allergic reactions, cold and flu, motion sickness, parkinson's |
| cetirizine | Antihistamine 2nd Gen H1 Receptor Antagonist / NOT distributed to CNS, more selective for peripheral H1 receptors / Inhibits H1 receptor / Used for allergic reactions |
| loratadine | Antihistamine 2nd Gen H1 Receptor Antagonist / NOT distributed to CNS, more selective for peripheral H1 receptors / Inhibits H1 receptor / Used for allergic reactions |
| fexofenadine | Antihistamine 3rd Gen H1 Receptor Antagonist / Increased efficacy & fewer adverse effects / Inhibits H1 receptor / Used for allergic reactions |
| acetylsalicylic acid | Anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) / Aspirin / Low doses have an anti-thrombotic effect / Intermediate doses as an analgesis, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory effects by inhibition of COX-1 & 2/ High doses as anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatic disorders |
| celecoxib | Anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) / Selective inhibition of COX-2 with minimal effect on COX-1 / GI side effects and Renal toxicity less than other NSAIDs. / No significant inhibition of platelet aggregation / Potential for MI or stroke / Pain, swell, infla |
| ibuprofen | Anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) / non-selective, reversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 / lowest incidence of GI side ffects of all NSAIDs / Fever, mild to moderate pain, inflammation |
| naproxen | Anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) / non-selective, reversible inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 / smallest overall cardiovascular risks of NSAIDs / Fever, mild to moderate pain, inflammation |
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